Molecular Identification Of Economic Important Species Of Genus Reticulitermes In China

The Reticulitermes(Isoptera: Rhinotermitidae) are important social insects harm trees and buildings.There are 116 species in China. Because of its diverse spices, similar morphology, different instars and a variety of biotypes within the same nest group, as well as few available classification characteristics, all of these attribute to the difficulty of morphological classification and widespread subjective classification. Reticulitermes species are in confusion taxonomically in China, It is necessary to use new methods carries on the comprehensive analysis.Based on the morphological measurement and molecular techniques, we make a comprehensive analysis of the 14 Reticulitermes species which are economic important.Use NIKON SMZ1500 microscopic to get the morphological dates of each species. Then sequences(COI,COII,16 S rRNA) and phylogenetic analysis of the measured species were studied. For R. speratus, it is widely distributed in east Asia, we combined with the existing sequence in east Asia to make the phylogenetic analysis. R. assamensis and R.tibetanus are Tibetan endemic species, The genetic diversity of the genus Reticulitermes in Tibet was detected, reviewed and analyzed based on morphological methods and molecular evidences with DNA barcoding.It is suggested that: 1. Among the 14 Reticulitermes species, the genetic distance of COI genes of intraspecific and interspecific differences were 0.000 to 0.011 and 0.000 to0.011 respectively, COII gene intraspecific and interspecific genetic distance were 0.000 to0.009 and 0.010 to 0.100 respectively, the Reticulitermes could be inferred to species level by phylogenetic analyses to two mtDNA COI and COII gene; 2. Based on molecular data,the COI and COII gene differences between R. periflavipces and R. assamensis were 0.008 and 0.005 respectively, they are synonyms; 3. Based on molecular data, the COI and COII gene differences between R. leptomandibularis and R. tibetanus were 0.006 and 0.004 respectively, they are synonyms; 4. Based on the morphological measurement and molecular data, there were only two Reticulitermes species in Tibet, R. assamensis and R.tibetanus, the genetic distance of COI genes of intraspecific and interspecific differences were 0.002-0.005 and 0.090-0.097 respectively; 5. Based on the COII data, China and Japan, China and Korea exist the same R. speratus subspecies respectively, and R. speratus migration into the Japanese main islands from East China, the Korean populations diverged from Japanese populations.