Seismic Data Acquision Research Of Complex Mountains

In recent years,it takes more and more high proportion of complex mountain area seismic acquisition projects to the China west and south exploration projects.According to the analysis of the third national oil and gas resources evaluation,the remaining oil resources in China are mainly distributed in the area of desert,Loess Plateau,mountains and marine etc..The foreland basin thrust belt of west,large uplift belt,large area of stratigraphical and lithological reservoirs,and carbonate area of south,are the main fields of oil and gas exploration in our country in the future,which are with great prospects for exploration and development.From the analysis of geological and surface conditions,the future favorable exploration area or exploration target has the characteristics of very complex surface or underground structure(i.e.high surface elevation difference,acute fluctuation,big lithological variations,underground high steep structure,overthrust,complex lithology),which makes the exploration deployment risk and the exploration difficulty increase,makes high requirements for seismic exploration technology.It is urgently needed to research responding technologies to solve the various difficulties of these complex mountain area caused.To obtain optimal seismic acquisition data under complex surface and underground geological conditions,this paper carries out technology research and improves from several aspects,such as,the comprehensive analysis of field test data,the building of near surface model,the shooting parameters selection of seismic acquisition,the confinements of receiving conditions,optimized geometry design,and measures of analysis and evaluation.In regard of the fine near surface modeling and shooting well depth optimization,near surface consistent modeling of complex surface area and its application technologies are brought forward,and the corresponding software modules are developed,which can achieve comparison and interpretation of a variety of near surface survey data,and on this basis,by adopting new technology,consistent fine structure near surface model is built,and field shooting well depth design and field static correction for seismic exploration and production are provided,hence more accurate data base for seismic high precision data acquisition are provided.In regard of geometry optimized design and offset,starting from the reasons in remote sensing image geometrical distortion,systematically analyze of a variety of geometric fine correction algorithms of remote sensing image,and comprehensive research from several aspects of the control points quantity,the algorithm complexity,applicability and computer realized key technology,and discuss the effects caused by different algorithms and different control point quantity on precision and calculation speed of the remote sensing image geometric correction.On this basis,elaborated graphics processing problem of the algorithm based on software in the implementation,and program the remote sensing image correction software.Finally,the actual remote sensing images of application test results show that,affine transformation based methods and modules can better correct remote sensing images,and optimized geometry design and offset based on corrected remote sensing images can effectively improve the production efficiency and saving cost.In regard of geometry optimized design based on CRP,taking into account the status quo of very complex seismic wave fields caused by the subsurface structure,and the uneven CRP distribution,and large variations of geometry bin attributes,and extremely uneven parameter distribution of coverage,azimuth,and offset,which are far from the real need of processing and interpretation.The geometry CRP attributes analysis technologies based on complex surface and geological conditions are carried out Using Gauss ray forwarding and simulation technologies to forward and simulate and caculated CRP attributes distribution of each target horizons,through the analysis of attributes of the CRP coverage,offset,azimuth angle,in order to optimize and valuate the 3D geometry.According to the imaging evaluation of geometry,the target layer collects traces impact is reduced,methods of software modules are prepared,and technical process is improved with complementary existing acquisition design software.In general,geological exploration goal is based on the combination technologies of complex mountain well depth design,and the technologies of remote sensing imaging geometry optimization design and offset,and the geometry design and evaluation.Reasonable and effective seismic acquisition design research is formed,and the S/N ratio and continuity of complex mountainous seismic acquisition is improved,hence the development of complex mountainous seismic exploration technology is pushed forward.