| Ye-Ji-Wei is the whole dried herb of Onychium japonicum(Thunb.)Kze of Onychium genus,also named as Xiaoyejinhuacao,Jinhuacao,Wujue,Xuanjiwei,etc.It is wildly distributed in east China,central China,southeast and southwest in China,the Philippines,Indonesia,Japan,and Polynesia and other countries also have distribution.The wild resources of O.japonicum is abundant,which growth at 50 ~ 2200 meters above sea level,especially on the slope by river and stream in forest.O.japonicum has cold natured and bitter in taste.It has effects of clearing heat-toxicity,cooling blood,hemostasis,eliminating dampand and removing jaundice.In western of hubei,O.japonicum as a common Chinese herbal medicine,used in the treatment of influenza,bleeding,empyrosis,food and drug poisoning and hepatitis,urinary tract infections,atopic dermatitis,etc.O.japonicum was recorded in the ancient "An Illustrated Book on Plants",named "Hai-Feng-Si";Included in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia(1977 edition),now received in "Medica Flora of Enshi","Guangxi Traditional Chinese Medicine","Chinese Herbal Medicine in Yunnan",etc.According to reports and visiting research,we found that O.japonicum have obvious effect in detoxification and hemostatic,but its mechanism of action and material basis is not clear,and should be further research.In the preliminary vestigation,we found that Stenoloma chusanum(L.)Ching is similar to O.japonicum,they are easy to be confused because of the same growth environment and plant form.To distinguish between the two kinds of plants,pharmacognostic identification of the two plants is necessary.The results are showed as follows: Through observing the transverse section ultrastructure of rhizomes and petiole base by microscope,the vascubar tissue is different from each other.Through observing the spore ultrastructure by microscope and scanning electron microscope,the morphology and surface characteristics of spore is difference.The extracts of S.chusanum has the Apigenin corresponding spot under the ultraviolet analyzer by TLC method,which O.japonicum did not.O.japonicum is the folk traditional herbal medicine of Tujia minority in western Hubei,which has common used and remarkable effects in treating thehemorrhagic disease,but there is no literature reports.There is a coagulation test in vitro about different extract parts of O.japonicun.This test set the blank control group and positive control group,Yunnanbaiyao as positive control,crude ethanol extract of O.japonicun,petroleum ether extract of O.japonicun,ethyl acetate extract of O.japonicun,n-butanol extract of O.japonicun and water solution as research subject,determining the clotting time and recalcification time and calculateing the rate of coagulation time shortening.By SPSS analysis software analysis,compared with the blank control group,the clotting time of crude ethanol extract of O.japonicun,petroleum ether extract of O.japonicun,ethyl acetate extract of O.japonicun and n-butanol extract of O.japonicun are obviously shorten,which is similar with the positive control group.The average rate of coagulation time shortening of the ethyl acetate part is the highest(28.72%),higher than positive control group(19.99%).Based on the previous studies,by using repeated column chromatography,including Silica gel and Sephadex LH-20,thin layer chromatography and other methods,separating and purifing the chemical composition of the ethyl acetate parts,and 15 compounds are obtained.According to the physical properties of the compounds,spectral data of UV and NMR,in combination with related literature database,seven compounds were identified.The are Vincamine ? ?-sitosterol ? 2-carboxyl-3-n-butyl-ether-ethyl-benzene ?pentadeca-noicaid?2-pentyl-2-cyclopenten-1-one? 4,5,7-3-methyl-2-ethyl-6-ethanol base-1-indene?sigmasterol-3-O-?-D-glu.Vincamine and 4,5,7-trimethyl-2-ethyl-6-hydroxyethyl-1-indene ketone were separated from the medicinal materials for the first time. |
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