| Background and Objective Digital human is the fusion of life science technology and information science technology research. Namely, It is the technology that the simulated visual human body models which are visible and adjustable would be constructed by 3D reconstruction and virtual reality technology. The objective of digital human research is to build the body morphology information research platform, provide vivid and lifelike models for all kinds of human studies, which can be widely used in medicine, sports, art, machinery manufacturing, military and especially in medical education and clinical practice.For instance, the development of various virtual endoscopy training system, virtual rhinoscope, otoscope, gastroscope, laparoscopic rectal speculum, arthroscopy, virtual endoscopy and endoscopic surgery simulation training system.The objective of this study is to build an image information data system of coronal sections of human head by digitalizing and visualizing the structures of human head. It will intensify the research of organs in digital human technology. The digital human head image data sets and the reconstruction of 3D models based on them all come from the information of real body structures, which can be applied to the fields of otolaryngology, ophthalmonogy, stomatology and neurosurgery, such as the clinical treatment research of diseases, virtual endoscope surgery simulation training, the teaching of anatomy and so on. Human head structures, such as sieve plate, paper sample, sphenoid sinus wall of optic canal wall are very thin, the thinnest of which is only about 0.1 mm. So it is needed to construct a high resolution digital image data set of human head to meet the needs of the application. In addition, the digital image data sets built at home and abroad are in horizontal position. There is no report about section data set built in coronary position.Therefore, the construction of a digital human data set with high resolution and precision in coronary position which can satisfy the requirements of practical application and the building of highly simulated 3D head modelsare the needs of reality.Materials and Methods 1. Specimen selection: Choose fresh adult male cadaver without medical history of the nose, which donated legally, meeting the requirements of quarantine inspection. Scanned it by 64 row helical CT in coronary position, with 0.625 mm intervals, eliminating organic diseases from the images at the same time.2. Preparation of the specimen: Perfused both sides of the internal carotid, external carotid artery with blood vessel labeling agent. Beheaded the specimen in thyroid cartilage.3.Specimen embedding: The embedding box was fixed with four positioning alignment pole around corners. Embedded the specimen according to the direction of the milling, and then frozen it.4. Milling: The whole head was sectioned along the coronal direction by computer numerical controlled engraving and milling machine with 0.03 mm inter-spacing(ethmoid part) and 0.06 mm inter-spacing(other part).5. Acquisition of images : All the images was captured by Canon 5D-3 digital camera, with Canon 16-35mmf/2.8LII lens, 22.1million pixels(5760 x 3840). All images through analysis of coding processing, form head slice image of the original data set.Results A total of 3854 sections were obtained for the whole head, and the resolution of each of the image was 5760×3840 pixels。The section images of 0.03 mm inter-spacing have 1437,and the section images of 0.06 mm inter-spacing have 2417.All the images are stored in JPG and RAW two formats. The each image size of RAW format was about 24.5 MB. The each image size of JPG format was about 5.9 MB.The total data size of RAW format and JPG format images was 117.35 G. High resolution images which can tell the size of 0.2 mm micro structure were acquired. This data set include the coronary section images of structures of organs in otolaryngologysystem, vision system, central nervous system,and oral cavity system. All kinds of tissues in these images maintain their original colors.Conclusions Compared with the head section images of other digital human image data sets,the inter-spacing of this dataset was the most thin,and the image resolution was the highest. This dataset was also the first one of the coronal sections of the human head. It contained all the image information of the tiny structure of the human head. It would be able to meet the needs of further development and application, such as development of the virtual operation training system of otolaryngology, ophthalmonogy, stomatology and neurosurgery. It could also be used to develop anatomy teaching software and maps. |
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