Expression Of BIP, Hypoxia-Inducible Factor-1α And Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor In The Retina Of Diabetic Rats

Objective: To evaluate the expression and significance of BIP, hypoxia-inducible factor-1α and vascular endothelial growth factor in the retina of diabetic rats. Methods: Seventy-two male SD(Sprague-Dawley) rats were chosen and divided randomly into 6 groups: diabetes mellitus 2 months(D2m,n=12), control 2 months(C2m,n=12); diabetes mellitus 4 months(D4m,n=12), control 4 months(C4m,n=12); diabetes mellitus 6 months(D6m,n=12), control 6 months(C6m,n=12). The diabetes mellitus mouse were induced by intraperitoneal injection of 1% streptozotocin(STZ,65mg/kg).The expression of endoplasmic reticulum stress related protein(BIP), hypoxia-inducible factor-1α and VEGF in the retina were detected by enzyme-linked immuno sorbent assay. The location of BIP, hypoxia-inducible factor-1α and VEGF in epiretinal membranes were investigated by immunohistochemistry staining. Results: Endoplasmic reticulum stress related protein(BIP) were increase than control groups in all DM groups with the course of diabetes, The difference has significant statistics significance(P <0.01).HIF-1α were detected higher than control groups in all DM groups(P < 0.05),but there was no statistical significance among treatment groups. VEGF in D4 m and D6 m groups were higher than control groups(P < 0.05), and there was statistical significance between D4 m and D6 m groups. The BIP can be detected in control groups a little, mainly in the inner limiting membrane and ganglion cell layers. The HIF-1α can not be detected in control groups, meanwhile it can be detected in all layers in DM. The VEGF can be detected in control groups a little, it mainly be detected in inner nuclear layer, outer nuclear layer, around retinal vessel and ganglion cell layers in DM groups. Conclusion:The expression of BIP, HIF-1α and VEGF increased in the retina of diabetic rats than control groups with progressive of diabetes mellitus, both endoplasmic reticulum stress and HIF-1α signal path play important role in the progress of diabetic retinopathy.