| Through the survey of health status among the elderly in Shaanxi Province,we aim to evaluate the health status of rural elderly from the four aspects.Then,we explore the relationship between the socioeconomic status and the health status of the elderly.Final,our research will offer some advice in order to promote health and resource allocation equity among the rural elderly in China.439 people aged over 60 years,from 10 villages in Shaanxi District of Gaoling,Zhouzhi County and Jingyang County,and we use the grey comprehensive evaluation to analyze the overall health status from four aspects(chronic diseases,ADL,mental health and self-rated health).The statistical methods are to analyze the overall health status among the elderly.The factors of the population characteristics,socioeconomic status and lifestyle on the health status among the rural elderly were statistically analyzed using SPSS software.To examine the relationship between socioeconomic status and health status,we use the path analysis method examine the mechanism between health status,lifestyle of rural elderly and socioeconomic status.The result show that 61.28% of the elderly in rural China were in the poor health status.The rate of the elderly who suffer hypertension was the highest,the followings were cervical vertebra disease and heart disease,the figure were 29.84%,25.97% and 20.50% respectively.And about 80% of elderly who report their self-rated health were general and poor.From the perspective of the basic characteristics of the population,the overall health of the male elderly was significantly better than that of the female,and the probability of male elderly in the good health status was 1.218 times higher than that of the female.And Left-behind elderly was more likely to face a lower level of health than those who were not left-behind,and the probability of non-left behind elderly is 7.403 times higher than that of the left-behind elderly.However,the influence of education level and marital status on the health status was not significant.From the perspective of socioeconomic status and lifestyle,the level of household food security was significantly,drinking alcohol as an unhealthy lifestyle has a significant impact on the health of the elderly.The result shows that the probability of poor health of the elderly who drink alcohol is 1.203 times higher than that of those who do not drink alcohol.However,there were no significant in the four variables(social activities,the frequency of daily exercise,dietary diversity and smoking).The path analysis found that the socioeconomic status affects the health status through the variables of household food security and drinking alcohol.(1)The health status of the elderly in Shaanxi rural areas is generally poor,the rate of female elderly who suffer from hypertension,cervical spondylosis and heart disease were higher than that of male,left-behind elderly were in poorer health than the non-left behind.(2)Socioeconomic status is conducive to improving the health status of the elderly,the unhealthy diet and drinking alcohol will have a negative impact on the physical condition of the elderly.Socioeconomic status has not only a direct impact on the health status of the elderly,but also has an indirect effect on the health status of the elderly.In order to improve the health level of the elderly in rural China,we should pay attention to the health education for the elderly.The elderly in rural China should establish a correct concept of health,exercise,reasonable diet,balanced nutrition,smoking and drinking.Second,in all aspects of society,we should have material and psychological support and assistance to the elderly.The entertainment activities should be provided to encourage older people to increase contact with society.Finally,government should improve the rural medical security system and health service system,expand the elderly medical services and explore the establishment of long-term medical and old-age care system for the elderly in rural China. |
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