The Study Of Effect Of Averrhoa Carambola L. Fruit Juice And Total Extracts Of Averrhoa Carambola L. (Oxalidaceae) Roots Decreased Lioid And Protected Liver In Experimental Hyperlipidemia Rats

Objective : To investigate the effect and molecular mechanisms of Averrhoa carambola L. (Oxalidaceae) fruit juice (ACLFJ) and total extracts of Averrhoa carambola L. (Oxalidaceae) roots (TEACLR) for the treatment of hyperlipidemia in rats.Methods: A rat model of hyperlipidemia was established by feeding rats a high-fat diet for 8 weeks in 50 rats of 60 animals, and 10 rats were randomly selected as control group. The hyperlipidemic rats were then randomly divided into the following groups: a model group (MG); A simvastatin group [SIM 2.5mg/ (kg · day-1)]; Averrhoa carambola L. (Oxalidaceae) fruit juice groups,which were treated with different doses of Averrhoa carambola L. (Oxalidaceae)fruit juice [10,20 and 40mg/(kg · day-1)] ,TEACLR high, middle and low dose group, hyperlipidemia rats treated with TEACLR, at doses1200, 600 and 300 mg · kg-1 · day-1 for 5 weeks by gavages respectively; The corresponding therapy was administered to the rats of each treatment by gavage administration.Normal animals were used as a control group. Blood glucose levels and body weights of rats were measured on 0, 2, 5 weeks .After 5-week high-fat-diet,blood sample and liver were collected for determination:1, Blood plasma triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and low density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), lkaline phosphatase (ALT) and Aspartate transaminase (AST).2, Body weight, liver weight, liver index3, Liver oxidative stress parameters including total superoxide dismutase(T-SOD) activity, .malondialdehyde (MDA) level and glutathione (GSH) content were also tested.4, Liver TNF-a, IL-6 was analyzed by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).5, Histological examination of liver was tested by HE staining.6, C-reactive protein (CRP), NF-kBp65 and fibrinogen were tested by Immunohistochemical method.7, HMG-CoA reductase mRNA, PPAR-amRNA were analysis by RT-PCR.Results: 1, In contrast to model groups (MG) , Averrhoa carambola L.(Oxalidaceae) fruit juice could reduce the contents of TC, TG, LDL-C and ALP in rat serum evidently; the activities of ALT and AST in rat serum were decreased obviously in high dose of Averrhoa carambola L. (Oxalidaceae) fruit juice. The contents of TC, TG, LDL-C, ALP, ALT and AST in rat serum reduced obviously, the level of HDL-C was elevated evidently by TEACLR.2, In contrast to the model groups (MG), Liver weight and the liver coefficient were significantly lowered in does of Averrhoa carambola L. (Oxalidaceae) fruit juice and TEACLR.3,In contrast to the model groups (MG), Liver MDA was obviously elevated ,the level of SOD and GSH were increased evidently by Averrhoa carambola L.(Oxalidaceae) fruit juice (ACLFJ). Liver MDA was reduced obviously, SOD and GSH elevated evidently by TEACLR high, middle and low dose group.4, In contrast to the model groups (MG), liver TNF-a, IL-6 were reduced evidently in high, middle and low dose of Averrhoa carambola L. (Oxalidaceae)fruit juice. Liver TNF-a, IL-6 were reduced evidently in high, middle and low does of TEACLR5, In contrast to the model groups (MG), fat lesions were reduced significantly by high and middle does of Averrhoa carambola L. (Oxalidaceae) fruit juice.Fat lesions was reduced significantly by high and middle does of TEACLR6, In contrast to themodel groups (MG), liver CRP, and fibrinogen were no influences; liver NF-kBp65 was reduced obviously by high does of Averrhoa carambola L. (Oxalidaceae) fruit juice, and NF-icBp65 and fibrinogen were reduced obviously by high does of TEACLR.7, In contrast to themodel groups (MG), the impression of gene HMG-COA reductase mRNA was reduced obviously by high , middle and low does of Averrhoa carambola L. (Oxalidaceae) fruit juice, and PPAR-a was increased significantly by high does of Averrhoa carambola L. (Oxalidaceae) fruit juice.The impression of gene HMG-CoA reductase mRNA was reduced by high and middle does of TEACLR, PPAR-a mRNA was reduced obviously by high and middle does of TEACLRConclusion: Averrhoa carambola L. (Oxalidaceae) fruit juice (ACLFJ)40mg/Kg/day, 20mg/Kg/day and 10mg/Kg/day is proven to decrease the level of hyperlipidemia; these results further the understanding of the hyperlipidemia and aid the development of Averrhoa carambola fruit juice as an effective therapeutic agent for hyperlipidemia. TEACLR is proven to decrease markedly the level of hyperlipidemia, may be as an effective therapeutic agent for hyperlipidemia and fatty liver.