| ObjectiveTo find out the current situations of pornography use among the male college students in Chongqing,and to explore the correlations between pornography use and semen quality,sexual hormone levels,and negative psychological mood.MethodsThe study was based on the cohort of MARHCS population,which was established in June 2013.The objective of this cohort is to analyze the environmental and psycho-psychological-behavioral factors on male reproductive health.This study was part of the second follow-up survey.The follow-up rate was 71.4%(568).We used a self-made pornography use questionnaire to collect the pornography use situation and related behavior information in male college students.The depression-anxiety-stress information was collected by DASS.The consumptions of calorie foods,tea,tobacco,alcohol and coffee were also collected by questionnaire.Semen samples were collected and analyzed according to WHO guideline "WHO human semen test and processing laboratory manual".Abstinence duration and ejaculation time were recorded.Peripheral blood was collected under aseptic conditions.The serum was isolated by centrifugation for serum reproductive hormones measurement.The relationships among pornography use and semen quality and sex hormones were analyzed by Jonckheere-Terpstra test,Kruskal-Wallis test and multiple linear regression.Chi-square test and multiple linear regression were used to analyze the relationship between pornography use and DASS scales.Results1.Pornography use situations:In the MARCHS population,568 subjects met the inclusion criteria,and completed all questionnaires and tests.99.8%male college students had pornography using,mainly in middle school(48.8%)and high school(35.4%).37.0%male college students had pornography using 1-2 times per-week,51.6%male college students had pornography using 15-30 minutes per-time.95.9%male college students had masturbation while pornography using.49.3%male college students had more frequency of pornography using in recent three months,31.7%male college students needed a longer time to be excited when using pornography than before.The main reasons of pornography using were Sexual needs(56.3%),boredom(53.3%)and stress(20.8%);masturbation(60.5%),genital secretions(57.7%),sexual daydreams(53.8%)were the main physical and mental reactions when the male college students were using pornography;relaxing(49.7%),excitement(34.9%),and pleasure(25.9%)were the main feelings for these students after pornography using.The relationships between pornography use and masturbation behavior:the longer pornography use,the higher frequency of pornography using,and the longer pornography use per-time,the higher frequency of masturbation was found when pornography using(P<0.01,P<0.01,P<0.01);The higher frequency of pornography use,the higher monthly masturbation behavior frequency was found(P<0.01).The relationships between pornography use and pornography addiction behaviors:the higher frequency of pornography using,the longer pornography use,and the longer pornography use per-time,the more male college students felt that they need more pornographic stimuli to be excited(P<0.01),and their interests on pornographic subjects were higher than on real sexual parters(P<0.01).2.The relationships between pornography use and semen quality:Univariate analysis showed that,the longer pornography use,the higher frequency pornography use,the sperm density and total sperm count were lower(P<0.01,P<0.01;P<0.01,P<0.01).The more frequency of masturbation when pornography using,the sperm density and sperm count were less(P<0.01,P<0.01),the sperm motility was higher(P<0.01).The male college students who had less interest in real sexual partners,while pornography using was easier to achieve sexual satisfaction,were had lower sperm density and sperm count.There is still a link between pornography and semen parameters after using multivariable linear regression model to adjust confounders(abstinence durations,age,BMI,alcohol drink,smoking consumption,tea drink,high calorie consumption and coffee drink):the earlier pornography use,the lower sperm density were found(β:11.173,95%CI:1.859-21.339,p<0.05).The higher frequency of masturbation when pornography using,the lower sperm density and total sperm count were found(p:-7.400,95%CI:-14.815-0.462,p<0.05),(p:-8.893,95%CI:-16.950-1.158,p<0.05).The less interest in real sexual partners,the lower the total sperm count and sperm count were found(p:26.705,95%CI:14.025-40.929,p<0.01),(p:27.350,95%CI:13.240-42.889,p<0.01).3.The relationships between pornography use and hormones:Univariate analysis showed that,for the subjects who had longer pornography use,the Fsh,Prol,and Prog concentrations in serum were decreased(P<0.05,P<0.01,P<0.01).The higher frequency of pornography use,the lower E concentration was detected in serum(P<0.01).After adjusted confounders(BMI and body fat)by using multivariable linear regression model,we still found that the longer pornography use and the higher frequency of masturbation when pornography using,the lower Prol was dectected in serum(P<0.01).The higher frequency of masturbation when pornography using,the lower E was dectected in serum(P<0.01).4.The relationships between pornography use and depression-anxiety-stress:The male college students had earlier pornography used,the higher depression rate was found(P<0.01).The male college students had higher frequency of pornography using,the higher proportion of depression-anxiety-stress was found(P<0.01).The male college students had longer duration of pornography using,the higher proportion of anxiety was found(P<0.01).The male college students who had pornography addiction tends(If it takes more time to feel sexual excitement when using pornography.If it is easier to achieve sexual satisfaction when using pornography compared with having sex with a partner)were found had higher rate of depression significantly.Conclusions1.Pornography using was a common behavior among the population of MARCHS.The male students who had long-term and frequent pornography using may lead to pornography addiction behavior.2.The earlier pornography use,the higher frequency of masturbation when pornography using,and the male college students who had less interest in real sexual partners,their sperm concentration and/or total sperm count were decreased significantly.3.The earlier pornography use and the higher frequency of masturbation behavior when pornography using,the lower serum Prog concentration was dectected.The higher frequency of masturbation behavior when pornography using,the lower E concentration in serum was dectected.4.Pornography using was closely related with depression-anxiety-stress. |
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