The Expression And Significance Of YAP1, PTEN, EIF4E And CyclinD1 In Endometrioid Carcinoma And Its Precursor Lesions

Objective: Endometrial carcinoma is one of the most common malignant tumor of the female reproductive organs.In recent years,with the improvement of living standards and the change of living habits,the incidence and mortality of endometrial cancer have been increasing in the world.The occurrence and development is a long process controlled by many genes.The imbalance of cell proliferation and apoptosis caused by over proliferation of cells is a key factor in the development of endometrial carcinoma.In recent years,we have covered the Hippo signaling pathway,which can control cell proliferation and apoptosis in the balance [1].Moreover,it plays an important role in the regulation of tissue growth,activity of stem cells and the formation of cancer.Furthermore,there is a crosstalk between Hippo and PI3K/m TOR pathway.Based on this viewpoint,this study observed the expression and correlation of YAP1,PTEN,e IF4 E and Cyclin D1 in endometrial hyperplasia and endometrioid carcinoma,and discussed the role and influence of them in the development of endometrioid carcinoma.Method: We archived 122 cases endometrial tissue specimens at the Department of pathology General Hospital Affiliated to Tianjin Medical University from December 2011 to March 2016,including 15 cases of proliferative endometrium(median age 43 years),27 cases of simple hyperplasia(patients with a median age of 46 years),20 cases of complex hyperplasia(patients with a median age of 49 years),30 cases of EIN(patients with a median age of 55 years),30 cases of endometrial carcinoma(median age 56 years).All the cases strictly according to "female genital tumor WHO classification"(2014 Fourth Edition)diagnostic criteria of rereading again.Using the immunohistochemical staining method of SP to detect the expression level of YAP1,PTEN,e IF4 E and Cyclin D1 in each group.SPSS20.0 statistical software was used for data analysis(Mann-Whitney U test,correlation analysis using Spearman rank correlation)Results: 1.From simple endometrial hyperplasia,complex hyperplasia,EIN to endometrialcancer,the positive rate of YAP1 gradually increased,and the positive rate of EIN and endometrial carcinoma was significantly higher than that of endometrial hyperplasia(P<0.05),but there was no significant difference in the positive expression of YAP1 between EIN and endometrial carcinoma(P>0.05).2.From simple endometrial hyperplasia,complex hyperplasia,EIN to endometrial cancer,the positive rate of e IF4 E gradually increased,and the positive rate of EIN and endometrial carcinoma was significantly higher than that of endometrial hyperplasia(P<0.05).However,there was no significant difference in the expression of e IF4 E between EIN and endometrioid carcinoma(P>0.05).3.PTEN showed positive expression in proliferative endometrium,however it indicated expressed loss of different degree in endometrial hyperplasia and carcinoma.From simple hyperplasia,complex hyperplasia,EIN to endometrial carcinoma,the expression rate of PTEN gradually decreased,and the positive rate is significantly lower in EIN and endometrial carcinoma than in endometrial hyperplasia(P<0.05),while there was no significant difference in the positive expression between EIN and endometrial cancer(P>0.05).4.From simple endometrial hyperplasia,complex hyperplasia,EIN to endometrial cancer,the positive rate of Cyclin D1 gradually increased,and the positive rate of EIN and endometrial carcinoma was significantly higher than that of endometrial hyperplasia(P<0.05).However,there was no significant difference between EIN and endometrioid carcinoma(P>0.05).Conclusions: 1.In endometrial simple hyperplasia,complex hyperplasia,EIN and endometrial cancer,positive rate of YAP1,e IF4 E and Cyclin D1 are also increased,and the positive rate of them is significantly higher in EIN and endometrial carcinoma than in endometrial hyperplasia.Moreover,YAP1 was positively correlated with e IF4 E and Cyclin D1,indicating that the activity of them increased protein synthesis,cell cycle progression and excessive cell growth and proliferation,thus breaking the balance between cell proliferation and apoptosis,finally promoting the formation of endometrial carcinoma.2.In endometrial hyperplasia and carcinoma,PTEN is loss in different degree.From simple hyperplasia,complex hyperplasia,EIN to endometrial carcinoma,expression rate of PTEN is decreased,and the positive rate is significantly lower in EIN and endometrial carcinoma than in endometrial hyperplasia.Moreover,there was no significant difference between EIN and uterus endometrial carcinoma in the positive expression.A negative correlation between YAP1 and PTEN show that enhanced Hippo signal transduction pathway with the YAP1 regulation and m TOR pathway disorders with PTEN loss,thereby affecting the expression of related genes,leading to cell proliferation control,promoted the occurrence and development of endometrial samples.3.The positive rate of YAP1,e IF4 E and Cyclin D1 in EIN and endometrial carcinoma was significantly higher than in endometrial hyperplasia,but there is no significant difference between EIN and endometrial carcinoma tissues.The positive rate of PTEN in EIN and endometrial carcinoma was significantly lower than in endometrial hyperplasia,but there is no significant difference in EIN and endometrial carcinoma.It suggesting that the combined detection of YAP1,PTEN,e IF4 E and Cyclin D1 may help for early diagnosis of endometrial cancer,the application needs support with many sample results.