Words Research Of The Zhangjiashan Bamboo Slips Of The Han Dynasty

In 1983,Zhangjiashan Bamboo Slips of the Han Dynasty was found in a brick factory.The factory lay on the southwest of Jianglin county,Hubei province(now Jianglin District),which was 1.5 kilometres away from the central area.Among the three Han tombs,NO.247 tomb unearthed the most,which was well-preserved with the clearly visible writing and was the most compelling.Among them,two kinds of precious medical literature called ‘Mai Shu’ and ‘Yin Shu’.These books so far following the Mawangdui No.3 Han Tomb unearthed ancient medical books.Moreover,are the Chinese archaeologists make great contributions on,has great value to the early years of the Western Han Dynasty medical research.According to the the comprehensive statistics,‘Mai Shu’,‘Yin Shu’ has 178 slips in total,including 776 characters,3 incorporative.Because of its special nature of the literature,the particular word-using situation like interchangeable words,ancient words,modern words and corruption words were more complex than the same period of the literature,and many of them are seen in the handed down literature.And ‘Mai Shu’ and ‘Yin Shu’ for taken books,by preserved and spread,and they are real preservation of the original literature at that time.Hence,we can see these handed down the literature which is difficult to see in the text phenomenon.The individual characters in Zhangjiashan bamboo slips of the Han Dynasty includes 52 high-frequency words.For example,"之","而" and "手" frequency is very high,The use of the contents of the literature itself is closely related with the ancient Chinese language.The 311 medium-frequency words,mostly that the human body parts,organs or behavioral movements.They are used for describing the guiding operation of the essentials;low-frequency word area have 413 words,including 306 one-used characters,associated with the professionalism of medical ancient books,the particular word-using situation were more.It is influenced by factors such as the epidemic and verifiability of the literature.However,73 words are gradually dying in the development,and there is no circulation so far and the vitality is relatively short.By comparing the words ‘Mai Shu’ and ‘Yin Shu’ with the The Medical Bamboo Slips of Wuwei,which is the same as the medical literature.We find that from the ‘Mai Shu’,‘Yin Shu’ to The Medical Bamboo Slips of Wuwei,the general word is the same,the development is stable.There are 363 high-frequency words and middle-frequency words in ‘Mai Shu’ and ‘Yin Shu’.Ingoring the in-fluence of the content of the literature,we should regard them as common characters in The ‘Mai Shu’ and ‘Yin Shu’.Compared with the 3500 common characters in modern Chinese,285 words are listsd in it,only 78 words are not.Besides the content of the literature,the reason lies in some of the common characters in ancient Chinese are never being used or replaced by the other characters.That indicats the usage of characters from The ‘Mai Shu’ and ‘Yin Shu’ to moderm Chinese is quite stable with a few replacement between the antient and modern characters.