Analysis Of Carotid Ultrasound In A High-stroke-risk Population

Objective:To analyze the risk factors of carotid plaque(CP)and carotid common artery intima-media thickening(CCAIMT)and the association between the risk factors and CP numbers and the side of the CCAIMT in a high-stroke-risk population.Methods:Carotid ultrasonography was conducted in participants with high stroke risk.Participants were divided into different groups according to the results of the ultrasound,such as the findings of CP or CCAIMT,the number of CP and the side of CCAIMT.The risk factors and blood biochemical indices were recorded.Then the statistical analyses were conducted to find out the risk factors of CP or CCAIMT,and also the association between the risk factors and CP numbers and the side of the CCAIMT.Results:The incidence of CP and CCAIMT were 38.9% and 24.8%,respectively.After the analyses of the incidence of CP and the distribution,it revealed that no matter in general population or in different gender subgroup,the incidence of CP was elevated with the increased age,and in most age subgroup,except the 45-49 and 70-74 subgroups,the CP incidences of male were much higher than the female groups'(all P<0.05).Multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that the risk factors of CP were age,high LDL-C and FBG levels,male gender,stroke,diabetes,hypertension,and tobacco use,but the family history of diabetes maybe with a lower risk(P<0.05).The ordinal logistic regression analysis showed that the participants who were male,and older in age,with risk factors of tobacco use,diabetes,high LDL-C levels,stroke,hypertension and AF or valvulopathy were prone to have multiple CPs,but the participants with family history of diabetes were have lower risk to suffer multiple CPs(P<0.05).As for the analyses of CCAIMT in the high-stroke-risk population.In the general population and in different gender group,the incidence of CCAIMT were elevated with the age increased,and in most age subgroups,the male gender group has higher CCAIMT incidence than the female gender group(all P<0.05).The risk factors of CCAIMT were male gender,stroke,hypertension,diabetes,AF or valvulopathy,tobacco use and age,but the history of TIA was with a lower risk(P<0.05).Compared with the N-CCAIMT subgroup,the risk factors of left CCAIMT were tobacco use,diabetes,male gender,and age,but alcohol use and history of TIA were with lower risk.The risk factors of right CCAIMT were male gender,age,AF or valvulopathy,but the history of TIA maybe was protective.The risk factors of dual CCAIMT were high frequency of drinking milk,tobacco use,male gender,age,stroke and hypertension,the history of TIA was also with a lower risk(all P<0.05).Conclusion:These findings revealed :(1)The risk factors of CP were age,high LDL-C and FBG levels,male gender,stroke,diabetes,hypertension,and tobacco use.(2)The risk factors of CCAIMT were male gender,stroke,hypertension,diabetes,AF or valvulopathy,tobacco use and age.(3)There are association between CP numbers and risk factors.The participants who were male,and older in age,with risk factors of tobacco use,diabetes,high LDL-C levels,stroke,hypertension and AF or valvulopathy were prone to have multiple CPs.(4)There are also association between risk factors and side of CCAIMT.The risk factors of left CCAIMT were tobacco use,diabetes,male gender,and age.The risk factors of right CCAIMT were male gender,age,AF or valvulopathy.The risk factors of dual CCAIMT were high frequency of drinking milk,tobacco use,male gender,age,stroke and hypertension.