The Research On Psychological Verbs Of Hanshu

Psychological verb is a more special category that describes human behavior or mental state and plays an important role in the verbal system. Current researches related to psychological verbs are mainly concentrated on modern Chinese level, the study of ancient Chinese psychological verb is relatively poor. Therefore, it is necessary to make more intensive study towards ancient Chinese psychological verbs.Honshu is the first chronological dynastic history of China, which is the important literature material of reflect the language features of Eastern Han Dynasty. It contains a large number of narrative character’s life story content, and its language is vivid and accurate. The paper intends to select and describe 456 psychological verbs from Hanshu, and investigate the semantic, grammatical features in terms of divided different categories. Finally, it concludes the general characteristics of psychological verbs in Hanshu and discusses the revised value on the Chinese Dictionary.The paper contains five chapters, the main contents are as follows:The first chapter is the introduction.First section on the overview of Chinese psychological verbs; Second section on showing the reason of choosing the topic and research method; Third section on introduction characteristics of language materials and the research value of Hanshu;Fourth section on making selection and classification towards the psychological verbs in Hanshu,according to whether with semantic feature of "emotion", it divides psychological verbs into two categories of emotional psychological verbs and cognitive psychological verbs.The second chapter describes the emotional psychological verbs of Hanshu. In the paper, the theory of semantic field is applied to sort the emotional psychological verbs, in which the verbs are close to each other and naturally form into a number of "sub fields" according to the same or similar meaning. In fact, each of these "sub fields" is a little category, there are formed into 13 different little categories, one of them is the set of the rest emotional psychological verbs with other different meaning. In further, emotional psychological verbs can be divided in accordance with the type of emotion into positive emotional psychological verbs and negative emotional psychological verbs, which are set two chapters to be described. In this chapter, the author chiefly analyses the semantic features, meaning, usage, types of the object and syntactic patterns of the 5 kinds of positive emotional psychological verbs, namely the categories of "love", "value", "miss", "pity" and "agree"The third chapter describes the negative emotional psychology verbs of Hanshu. The paper successively analyses the semantic features, meaning, usage, types of the object and syntactic patterns of the 7 categories of "dissatisfied", "anger", "fear" "worry", "indulge", "doubt" and "obey" from the first section to the seventh section. Finally, the generality and individuality of the emotional psychology verbs are contrasted and summarized briefly in the paper.The fourth chapter describes the cognitive psychological verbs of Hanshu. The theory of semantic field is applied to divide the cognitive psychological verbs into four different little categories, in which is the same as the classification of the emotional psychology verbs. It analyses the semantic features, meaning, usage, types of the object and syntactic patterns of the 3 main categories of cognitive psychological verbs, that is the categories of "perceive", "think" and "hope" in detail.The fifth chapter summarizes the general characteristics of the psychological verbs in Hanshu. From the first section to the third section, based on the former concrete investigation, it generalizes the general characteristics of psychological verbs in Hanshu from the meaning of the number, word formation, the contrast of grammatical function towards the emotional psychological verbs and the cognitive psychological verbs 3 aspects. The fourth section, the rest two categories are listed and their case of taking object is briefly explained.The sixth chapter discusses that Hanshu have an important reference value for revising the Chinese Dictionary. The first section, It shows the psychological verbs of whose use case is included in the Chinese Dictionary but appears later than Hanshu. The second section, it shows the psychological verbs that is not included in the Chinese Dictionary. The paper not presents correct meanings and use case but explains the reason for these problems. The third section, It verifies the psychological verbs included in the Chinese Dictionary, including use case come from or before Hanshu.