Ideal Goals And Realistic Contradictions In The Development Of Diglossia And Bilingualism

With the development of the times and society,the exchanges between regions are becoming more and more intimate and frequent,people’s recognition and pursuit of multiculturalism is enhanced,and the voice of vigorously develop diglossia and bilingualism is also growing.Our country and a group of language planning scholars hope to achieve the goals of enhancing language communications,alleviating language contradictions,protecting language resources and improving national language abilities through the development of diglossia and bilingualism.However,compared to the actual conditions of our language life is not optimistic.In the diglossia and bilingualism environment,the language contradictions still exist,sometimes they will even be intensified;endangered dialects or minority languages are still hard to cover up the weakening trend,diglossia and bilingualism tend to become temporary appearance;fetishism of foreign countries regardless of personal circumstances and abilities,the proportion between input and output of foreign language learning is disparate,English hegemony and "Mandarin and foreign language" becomes "Mandarin and English".These problems are obvious.We identified diglossia and bilingualism,beyond the individual or small groups and into the community-bound,are often difficult to develop as expected.How to grasp their development trend will be an important practical problem.In fact,the development of diglossia and bilingualism are not simple,there are many problems between the ideal goals and realities,and these problems are manifested as a variety of contradictions.Removed people’s subjective factors,these contradictions are more subject to objective laws of the constraints,involving the language attributes and use characteristics,language contact and evolution,language competition,human cognition and thinking development and other multiple factors.Only by recognizing the contradictions between them can we more clearly understand diglossia and bilingualism,otherwise blindly advocate or against the development of diglossia and bilingualism is weak and even harmful.This paper mainly focuses on the phenomena of diglossia and bilingualism in China.Based on the actual situations of national language development and the perspectives of language planning,this paper discusses the "ideal goals and realistic contradictions in the development of diglossia and bilingualism",and try to put forward some specific recommendations.The full text includes five parts:Introduction,mainly defines the"diglossia and bilingualism" and the object of this study,explains the background,significance and methods of this research;In the first chapter of text,we summarizes the viewpoints of scholars who support the development of diglossia and bilingualism,the ideal goals which includes "Enhancing language communications,satisfying the development of times and societies","Alleviating language contradictions,constructing harmonious language life","Protection of language resources,maintaining a plural ecological balance","Improving language abilities,enhancing national competitiveness";The second chapter,based on the national common language of our country,carries the existing problems on the inspection to the domestic three main kinds of diglossia and bilingualism,such as the actual development situation of "Mandarin and Regional dialect"“Mandarin and Minority language" "Mandarin and Foreign language",and contrast with what we expect to achieve;The third chapter,on the basis of the above-mentioned investigation,analyzes the contradiction between the ideal goals and the realities of the development of diglossia and bilingualism from various aspects,such as communicative economic labor principle,language contact and language evolution,human’s cognitive law,the non-uniformity of linguistic phenomena and so on;The fourth chapter,under the contradictions revealed in this paper,puts forward some countermeasures for the development of diglossia and bilingualism in our country,such as clarify the logic,sensible rate of growth,treated differently,humanistic solicitude and technology.The purpose is to deal with the development of diglossia and bilingualism objectively,scientifically and prudently.