The Comparison Of Negative Adverb “Bu” And “Mei (You)” Based On The Three Flat Surfaces

“Bu”and“Mei(you)”are the two most commonly used media in modern Chinese to express negatives.They often replace each other,but they have their own divisions.Guided by the theory of three plane theories,this paper tries to compare negative adverb“Bu”and“Mei(you)”based on the primary and secondary Chinese textbooks(published by People's Education Publishing House).This paper argues that:At the syntactic level,“Bu”and“Mei(you)”have many similarities in the choice of sentence patterns,and there are some differences as well.According to the characteristics of their own,they also have their own fixed format and special format.In terms of syntactic distribution,“Bu”and“Mei(you)”can be used in the subjective,predicate,attributive,adverbial and other syntactic elements,bu“Mei(you)”is generally not used in complement.In the sentence,the two mostly appear in front of a sentence or in the middle of a sentence,in special circumstances can also be used at the end of the sentence.In addition,they are able to be a separate sentence.At the semantic level,“Bu”and“Mei(you)”can appear with verbs,adjectives,pronouns and so on.But for the individual,there is a difference : “Bu”is mainly responsible for negating the unbounded things,while“Mei(you)”negatives the bounded.The negative content and conventional semantics of“Bu”and“Mei(you)” are rich and varied.There are both overlapping places and differences.On the Semantic Orientation,we consider that they are fixed to the back in the directionality.On the target,they are generally pointed to all the ingredients behind themselves in the syntactic component which they can enter.But in the attributive,they are pointed to the part in front of“De”,because that we need to use“De”separate attribute and the qualified word as the attributive becomes complicated when negative adverbs enter it.At the pragmatic level,“Bu”and“Mei(you)”can limit the behavior of various actions whether in the past,present,or in the future.But,there are some constraintswhen“Bu”is used in the past,as well as when “Mei(you)”is used in the future.In communication,“Bu”and“Mei(you)”can help the sentence implement a speech act or some speech act.Simultaneously,tey can also revise discourse,highlight the subjective effect and trigger the implied meaning of sentence.Besides,they have their own characteristics in the specific use.In the chapter,“Bu”and“Mei(you)”has the effect of linking up and connection.The negative focus of sentences are different when the context or the choice of accent in the sentence are different.What's more,the default of the sentence will be different when the negative focus of sentences are different.The function and usage of“Bu”and“Mei(you)”are complex and diverse.They are closely related to the expression of people's attitudes and opinions,and play a very important role in the understanding and construction of a chapter.It is great significance for expression,communication and language information processing in daily life to use negative adverbs“Bu”and“Mei(you)”correctly.