Study On ERP Of Wushu Athletes' Attention Characteristics

Objectives:Attention is an important prerequisite for athletes mastering skills.During the competition or training,the attention is necessary when judging the game site and mastering the skills for athletes.However,different sports have different characteristics of attention.In this research,we observe the attention characteristics and the changes of event-related of potentials(ERP)for the athletes in wushu routine and sanda,in order to further reveal the intrinsic neutral mechanism of attention characteristics,which will provide scientific basis for the athletes selecting equipments and scientific training in wushu.Methods:We divide the research objects into three groups: the athletes of wushu routine(38 people)and sanda(37 people)in the Shanghai University of Sport,with more than five years of systematic training in wushu and ranked over the second level,and ordinary non-sports undergraduates(27 people)with no sports level certificates and systematic training.There are three parts of the research.First,uniformly fill in the attention measurement scale,where the measurement indexes are: attention span,attention stability,attention transfer and attention allocation.Second,do behavioral measurement experiments through E-Prime program,with the indexes of reaction time and rate of right and wrong.Finally,do ERP experiments by E-Prime program and electroencephalogram acquisition system,with the indexes of reaction time,rate of right and wrong,wave amplitude and incubation.Result:1.The general characteristics of attention.For the three groups,there is no significant difference in terms of the attention span and stability;significant difference(P<0.05)in terms of the attention transfer;and very significant difference(P<0.01)in terms of the attention allocation,with significant difference(P<0.05)between groups in wushu routine and sanda,very significant difference(P<0.01)between wushu routine and control groups,and wushu sanda and control groups.2.Results of behavior measurement of selective attention.(1)Endogenous characteristics of the attention behavior.The reaction speed with the effective stimulus is better than that with ineffective ones for the subjects of three groups,but there is no significant difference(P<0.05).With the effective stimulus,the reaction times of subjects of the three groups have significant differences(P<0.05).Here are the performances in detail: sanda and routine groups are all better than control group,which have significant difference(P<0.01);routine group is better than sanda group with no significant difference(P>0.05).With the ineffective stimulus,the reaction times of subjects of three groups have very significant differences(P<0.01).Here are the performances in detail: sanda and routine groups are all better than control group with very significant differences(P<0.01);sanda group is better than routine group with no significant difference(P>0.05).The reaction speed of athletes in three groups is increasing as the extension of Stimulus Onset Asynchrony(SOA),with significant difference(P<0.05)when SQA is 500 ms.The reaction speed of routine group is the fastest one,followed by the sanda group,and the control group is the slowest.(2)Exogenous characteristics of the attention behavior.The reaction speed with the effective stimulus is better than that with ineffective ones for the subjects of three groups,but there is no significant difference(P<0.05).With the effective stimulus,the reaction times of subjects of the three groups have significant differences(P<0.05).Here are the performances in detail: sanda and routine groups are all better than control group,which have significant difference(P<0.01);sanda group is better than routine group with no significant difference(P>0.05).With the ineffective stimulus,the reaction times of subjects in three groups have very significant differences(P<0.01).Here are the performances in detail: sanda and routine groups are all better than control group with very significant differences(P<0.01);sanda group is better than routine group with no significant difference(P>0.05).The suppression effect occurs when the SQA is 300 ms for each group,and the reaction speed of athletes is slower than other conditions.After that,the reaction speed of each group is increasing as the extension of SOA.When SQA is 800 ms,there is a significant difference(P<0.05).The reaction speed of sanda group is the fastest one,followed by the routine group,and the control group is the slowest one.3.The changes of ERP for the selective attentionIn ERP experiments,N1 component is induced in parietal lobe,and N2 component is induced in parietal lobe and parietal-occipital lobe in terms of routine and sanda groups.For control group,N1 component is not induced,but N2 component is obviously induced in the parietal lobe and parietal-occipital lobe.PZ,P2,P7,P8,POz,PO4,PO7,and other electrodes show that there is significant difference in the main effects of groups and time.After superimposed waveforms,the induced N2 amplitude for sanda group is obviously higher than that in control and routine groups.Conclusion:1.Based on the characteristics of wushu sanda and the specific skills of attack and defense in wushu,the perennial training of wushu will improve the abilities of attention allocation and transfer of athletes to a certain extent,but has no obvious influence on the attention stability and span.2.The information processing and search strategies of selective attention for the athletes in wushu sanda group are all better than those in wushu routine and control groups.With ineffective stimulus,the athletes of wushu sanda can quickly mobilize more attention resources,especially the much faster transfer speed of visual attention.3.For athletes of wushu sanda and routine groups,N2 component is obviously induced under exogenous attention search paradigm,especially when SQA are 500 ms and 800 ms.