The Process And Influence To School Of Running School By Operating Departments In The Late Qing Dynasty And The Republic Of China

Center operating department running schools is an important problem in modern higher education in china.In the Westernization Movement,the rising power of the local governors,western learning spreading to the East and talent shortage with the rapid development of enterprises gave birth of education-running by a line of industry,which throughout the period of the Republic of China and had important influence on the education especially the higher education,in the late Qing Dynasty and the Republic of China.The development history of Jiaotong University before 1937 was epitome of Center operating department running schools in the late Qing Dynasty and the Republic of China.The predecessor of Jiaotong University was Nanyang college,established by Xuanhuai Sheng in 1896,which was subordinated to Ministry of Commerce in 1905,Qing Ministry of Communications in 1907 after the bureaucracy reformation.In 1911,Qing government accelerated the constitutionalism,established Ministry of Communications instead of Qing Ministry of Communications,as higher authorities of the college.In 1928,according to “ The organization law of executive yuan”,Ministry of Railways was established and took over Jiaotong University.Finally,the university came under the jurisdiction of Ministry of Education in 1937,after the outbreak of Anti Japanese War.This subjection triggerd Many disputes between Ministry of Education and teachers and students of Jiaotong University.In the course of running school by operating departments in the late Qing Dynasty and the Republic of China,fund supply of operating departments was the main source of school funding,and fund supply is key factor in the relationship between universities and departments.The change or continuation of schooling orientation and subject setting related to departments.The affiliation is in favor of security of funding and inter ship and employment of students,on the other band,the adverse effect on the autonomous rights of university.