Mandarin "with +VP" Structure Research

Based on the study of the structure "have + VP" in ancient Chinese,dialect and Mandarin, this essay make comparatively deep analysis and discussion about the structure"have + VP" which actively appear in Mandarin in recent years from syntactic structure,distribution, the property of "have" "VP", pragmatic function, formation and development.The verb phrase has the highest proportion. The structure "have + VP" mainly be used as predicate in sentences,also can be used as attribute and object. The distribution of sentence type mainly composed of declarative sentence, followed by question, rhetorical questions, exclamatory sentence. Some of the declarative sentences included the structure"have + VP" are influenced by the question in a certain extent. The structure "have + VP"distribute in spoken language more than in written language and the written language are mainly composed of literary style.The "have" in the structure "have + VP" is not body marks, not auxiliary verb, not verb either, its nature and function is opposite to the negative adverb "no". It is affirmative adverb, and it affirms the part of "VP" which has the event characteristics but not an event express some behavior,some state, some progress. "Have" is an affirmation of the eventualized description."Have" has rich pragmatic functions such as subjective tendency, emotional expression, prominent focus, economical saving, etc. Due to the internal mechanism of language and external influence of language, the structure "have + VP" began to active in Mandarin.We still need a long time to test whether the structure "have + VP" can finally enter mandarin or not, and whether "have" can be accepted as affirmative adverb or not by modern Chinese grammar.