A Metaphorical Metonymy Study Of The Extension Of The Meaning Of Words In Modern Chinese Dictionary

We have studied polysemous words of modern Chinese by "Modern Chinese Dictionary"(Seventh Edition),the extension of metaphors between polysemous terms in modern Chinese can be divided into six types: shape similarity,function similarity,position similarity,nature similarity,situation similarity and many kinds of similarity;The extension of metonymy between polysemous terms in modern Chinese is divided into six types: subject and feature,material,job,place,time,subject and activity relation,activity and activity result,whole and part,general and special,synthetic type.We also have studied the characteristics of polysemy extension in modern Chinese:the extension of polysemous nouns in modern Chinese is mainly metonymy extension,and the number of metonymy extension is about 3.14 times bigger than that of metonymy extension.In the extension of polysemy verbs in modern Chinese,the proportion of metonymy extension and metaphorical extension has little difference.The extension of polysemous adjectives in modern Chinese is mainly metaphorical extension.The number of metaphorical adjectives is about 1.92 times bigger than that of metonymy.Finally,we have summarized the characteristics of modern Chinese dicyllabic and the extension of polysyllabic and polysemous words,and concluded that part of the modern Chinese dicyllabic and polysyllabic and polysemous words meaning extension takes up the largest proportion.The meanings of dicyllabic,polysyllabic and polysemous nouns and polysemous verbs in modern Chinese are mainly partially extended,accounting for 65.02% and 59.44% of the total,respectively,and the meanings of dicyllabic and polysyllabic polysemous adjectives in modern Chinese are mainly extended as a whole,with the proportion of 58.36% of dicyllabic and polysyllabic polysemous adjectives(951 Cases).