Study On Landscape Ecological Security Patterns Of Rare Earth Mining Areas In Southern Jiangxi Province Based On MCR Model

As an important non-renewable resource,ion-adsorbed rare earths play an irreplaceable role in military industry,science and technology and national daily life.As an important iontype rare earth mine production base in the world,rare earth mining in southern Jiangxi has brought economic benefits to the local area.At the same time,due to the limitations of mining methods,there are also a series of environmental problems,such as land desertification,farmland destruction and vegetation degradation.These problems seriously threaten the ecological environment security of rare earth mining areas.The landscape ecological security pattern based on MCR model is widely used in ecological security research because it can accurately evaluate the ecological security situation in different regionsBased on QuickBird high-resolution remote sensing image,this study selected the ionic rare earth mining area in southern Jiangxi as the research area.Taking the Lingbei rare earth mining area as an example,the land use types of the rare earth mining area were carefully classified.According to the results of land use classification,combined with the landscape ecological security pattern theory and MCR model method,the ecological source and ecological corridor in the ecological security pattern were analyzed.In order to ensure the sustainable development of the rare earth mining area,the landscape ecological security pattern of the mining area in the three periods of 2009,2013 and 2018 was constructed by discriminating and analyzing the components of the ecological node,which provided scientific basis for the ecological environment control and optimization of the rare earth mining area.The results show that:(1)Between 2009 and 2018,the area transferred from vegetation,reclaimed vegetation,tailings and farmland accounted for the largest proportion of the total area,and became the main land use area transfer in mining areas.Generally speaking,although the dynamic degree of land use change varies from land use type to land use type,with the implementation of environmental protection department's environmental management and reclamation measures,the area of vegetation and reclamation vegetation in mining area has increased in the nine years of study,and the environment of rare earth mining area has been improving constantly.(2)During the study period,vegetation is always the largest patch in the mining area.Generally speaking,the richness and complexity of various types of landscape types in mining area is decreasing,but the number of patches of each landscape type is increasing,and the ecological function and spatial connectivity of each landscape type are also increasing.(3)The ecological source areas of rare earth mining areas are mainly distributed in the East and West sides,and the difference of patch area is small.However,there are no patches in the middle and north of the mining area in 2009,2013 and 2018,which leads to poor connectivity and stability between the East and west of the mining area.Therefore,when planning the mining area in the future,the newly accretive source areas should give priority to the north and middle of the mining area.Spatial-temporal process analysis of landscape ecological security in mining area shows that the number of ecological corridors,ecological nodes and radiation channels in rare earth mining area is increasing during the study period,which indicates that the landscape ecological security situation in rare earth mining area has been improved continuously in the past nine years,but the relevant departments still need to further plan and optimize the ecological security pattern of rare earth mining area.