Application Of Geographic Information Technology In Soil And Water Conservation Monitoring In Hexi

With the rapid development of social economy,the Hexi area of Gansu has also entered the fast lane of economic construction.Aiming at the problems of air pollution,water pollution,soil erosion and land desertification during infrastructure construction and project development.The project demonstration area was selected in Guazhou County and guided by theories and methods of remote sensing,satellite navigation and positioning and geographic information to carry out researches on the identification of disturbance maps of soil and water conservation and field review and analysis.The main research work and results are as follows:1.Take the demonstration Area of Guazhou County as an example.Through the application of Global Navigation Satellite System(GNSS)technology in soil and water conservation monitoring provides positioning and navigation functions to quickly determine the geographic location information of the disturbance map.Relying on the plane position and elevation information of the disturbance pattern measured by the surrounding control points quickly found the position of the disturbance pattern during the review to provide important indicators for later dynamic monitoring.2.Remote Sensing Technique(RS)(satellite remote sensing and UAV low-altitude remote sensing)is mainly used in soil and water conservation monitoring in the demonstration area to obtain remote sensing image data,and through the processing and interpretation of radiometric correction and geometric correction of remote sensing images,information extraction and analysis are carried out to obtain scattered areas with serious soil erosion;Extract the map information of the disturbance area and the comparison area of water and soil conservation from the remote sensing images to establish the remote sensing interpretation signs of the basic land conditions in the demonstration area of Guazhou County.3.Relying on the Geographic Information System(GIS)platform conducts graphics editing,processing and analysis to quickly obtain,store and consult the water and soil conservation data of the responsible area of the production and construction project.On the basis of soil and water conservation spatial geographic information and remote sensing data,analyze the change law of the disturbance map in the demonstration area from the three aspects of change amount,change speed and rate of change,and obtain the overall characteristics of the changes in the soil erosion disturbance map during the time period.Using the analysis of the change characteristics of soil and water conservation dynamic monitoring GIS integration technology to monitor and identify the spatial changes of disturbance patterns in different environments and different projects in the demonstration area of Guazhou County to achieve the purpose of dynamic monitoring.4.Through the combination of geographic information technology and soil and water conservation monitoring technology,promoting the development of the 3S technology method system serving soil and water conservation,thereby improving the management level of soil erosion and promoting the development of digitization,informatization and automation of soil and water conservation and providing technical support.It requires a large investment of manpower,material resources and financial resources to improving the unfavorable status of traditional soil and water conservation monitoring,thereby expanding the monitoring area,reducing missed monitoring and solving the problems that cannot achieve dynamic monitoring.