Research On The Evolution Mechanism Of Man-land Relationship And Ecological Carrying Capacity In Sheng Jin Lake Natural Wetland

The Shengjin Lake wetland was an important wetland in the world and it was also one of the major wintering grounds for the Grus monica in China.In recent years,as a result of the increasing population and the increasing demand for resources,the Shengjin Lake wetland has been under enormous pressure and the ecological balance has been broken.Based on this,this paper intends to conduct an in-depth study of the"man-land"mechanism in Shengjin Lake wetland from the perspective of man-land relationship and ecological carrying capacity.And deeply analyze the impact of human activities on the ecological environment of Shengjin Lake wetland and the adverse effects of the ecological environment with human factors added on human activities.In addition,based on the ecological footprint method,the ecological footprint and ecological carrying capacity of Shengjin Lake wetland during the eight years(1986,1990,1995,2000,2004,2008,2011 and 2015)were comprehensively analyzed in 1986-2015.Then,the ecological carrying capacity of the Shengjin Lake wetland was comprehensively evaluated by applying the multi-objective comprehensive evaluation method.Finally,the correlation between the ecological carrying capacity index and the populations of Grus monica,Grus leucogeranus,Grus vipio and Grus grus was analyzed.The following results were obtained:(1)Combining the related land use classification documents and the Shengjin Lake wetland situation,the land use status of Shengjin Lake wetland will be divided into grassland,dry land,woodland,waters,paddy fields,reed beach,mudflats and construction land by using ERDAS 9.3.And the area of each land type in each period was calculated by using ArcGIS10.3.(2)The factors influencing the evolution of man-land relationship in Shengjin Lake wetland were mainly natural factors and socio-economic factors.Natural factors were the restrictive conditions for changes in man-land relationship and residents of the Shengjin Lake wetland will develop and use nature according to their natural conditions.Socio-economic factors were the fundamental factor in the transformation of man-land relationship.The increase in population,economic development,and improvement in the level of science and technology were important reasons for increasing the intensity of the development and utilization of wetland resources by local residents.The change of residents'demand structure was the core of the evolution of the man-land relationship in Shengjin Lake wetland.And the external environment was the cause of the evolution of the man-land relationship in Shengjin Lake wetland.(3)From 1986 to 2015,the per capita ecological footprint and the per capita ecological carrying capacity of Shengjin Lake wetland have increased to varying degrees.The increase in per capita ecological footprint was 0.8513 hm~2/person,with an average annual increase of 0.0284 hm~2/person,with an average annual increase of approximately 4.097%.The increase in per capita ecological carrying capacity was0.5159 hm~2/person,with an average annual increase of 0.0172 hm~2/person,and the annual increase was about 1.68%.In terms of land categories,from 1986 to 2015,the per capita ecological footprint of construction land increased the most,and the per capita ecological capacity of cultivated land increased the most,while the per capita ecological footprint and per capita ecological capacity of water areas increased the least.(4)From 1986 to 2015,although the eco-elasticity index of the Shengjin Lake wetland has increased slightly,the change process was more tortuous,which indicates that the ecosystem of Shengjin Lake wetland has obvious instability.The ecological support index decreased from 0.5669 in 1986 to 0.2972 in 2015,indicating that the supporting capacity of the Shengjin Lake Wetland Ecosystem has gradually weakened.The ecological pressure index decreased from 0.87 in 1986 to 0.2738 in 2015,indicating that the pressure on the Shengjin Lake Wetland Ecosystem has gradually increased.The ecological carrying capacity index decreased from 0.6763 in 1986 to0.3139 in 2015,indicating that the ecological carrying capacity of the Shengjin Lake wetland gradually weakened.(5)There was a certain correlation between population of Grus monica,Grus leucogeranus,Grus vipio and Grus grus and ecological carrying capacity index.When the ecological carrying capacity index was relatively high,the pressure of the ecosystem was relatively small,the carrying capacity was strong,and the population of the cranes was also relatively large.The improvement of the ecological carrying capacity index was not only conducive to human survival,but also conducive to the habitat and breeding of rare cranes.