Study On Harmless Treatment And Material Degradationmechanism Of Traditional Chinese Medicine Residue And Municipal Sludge Fermentation

With the rapid development of China's modernization road and the continuous progress of traditional Chinese medicine,the annual output of municipal sludge and traditional Chinese medicine slag is increasing,the two solid organic wastes have formed great pressure on the environment.The simple landfill and incineration treatment not only have low efficiency,but also have great damage to the environment and the waste of resources.Therefore,it is necessary to solve the pollution problem of municipal sludge and drug residue.Under the effect of exogenous microbial agents fermentation,it is one of the main technologies to make harmless treatment to solve the environmental pollution of sludge and traditional Chinese medicine residue by mixing the two kinds of materials with a certain material ratio and producing high quality organic fertilizer through aerobic fermentation.In this study,the effect of different exogenous microbial agents and different material ratio on high temperature aerobic composting was carried out to clarify the effect of different exogenous bacteria and different material ratio on the composting fermentation.The changes of various physical and chemical indexes such as temperature,electrical conductivity,pH value and nutrient content in the process of compost fermentation are explored to clarify the best fermentation process route,to screen out the most effective agent and the most reasonable material ratio for fermentation;By exploring the changes of the total content of heavy metals before and after the fermentation and the change of the form,the passivation mechanism of the heavy metal by fermentation is clearly defined,which provides a theoretical basis for the application of the sludge and the traditional Chinese medicine residue in the production of organic manure;Through the observation of the microstructure of the fermentation material and the determination of various enzyme activities of microorganisms,the degradation mechanism of the material fermentation process is clarified.In general,the following results have been achieved:1.3 kinds of exogenous microbial agents can promote the fermentation reaction to different degrees,accelerate the decomposition of organic matter and raise the total nutrient content.The fermentation time is 49 D,and the temperature is higher than 7 d at high temperature,the heating rate of No.1 and No.3 is faster,and the total nutrient content of the fermentation product is more.It can be used as the raw material for organic fertilizer and organic-inorganic compound fertilizer.2.The mass ratio of sludge to Chinese medicine residue is 4: 6,which can be fermented rapidly and fermentation period is 49 D.Fermented and decomposed products have no toxic effects on plants.The content of heavy metals is lower than the national standard,and the organic matter and total nutrient content of the fermented products are high,which can be used as raw material for organic fertilizer and organic-inorganic compound fertilizer.3.Fermentation can be a passivation effect on heavy metals.Under the action of fermentation,the bioavailability of 5 heavy metals decreased,the bioabsorbability and mobility of the organisms decreased.Under the action of fermentation,the water soluble organic matter produced a large molecular weight,more complex aromatization,and more humus material containing oxygen functional groups,which was a passivation effect of chemical adsorption on heavy metals,supplemented by complexation.4.The degradation process of material was observed under scanning electron microscope.It was found that the surface structure of the material was destroyed obviously,the surface structure changed from tight to loose,and at the end of fermentation,the fiber bundles broke and peeled off.Exogenous microbial agents mainly affect the degradation of cellulose and hemicellulose,and the effect of lignin degradation is not obvious.