| The main stream of Weihe is the Yellow River’s largest tributary.It originated from the Niaoshu mountain in Weiyuan County of Gansu province and was injected into the Yellow River in Tongguan County,Shanxi province.In recent years,the ecological environment problems,such as the decreasing of the run off in the Gansu section of Weihe main stream and the serious soil erosion,have seriously affected the ecological security of the region,and seriously threaten the sustainable development of the economic and social development in the main stream area of Weihe.As one of the effective ways to solve environmental problems,ecological compensation has been well known both at home and abroad.The choice of appropriate compensation objects and the determination of the appropriate compensation standards are the two core issues of ecological compensation.In this study,taking the Gansu section of the Weihe River Basin as the research site,combining the In VEST model and the minimum data method,the ecological compensation standards and new ecosystem services of the main counties(Weiyuan County,Longxi County,Wushan County,Gangu County,Qinzhou District and Maiji District)along Gansu section of the Weihe basin were calculated,and the spatial selection of each county or districts area was calculated.Selected priority compensation counties or districts and potential compensation counties or districts.In response to the national policy of returning farmland to 25 degrees,a new policy of returning farmland to forest in upslope arable land and 15 degrees of important water source area is provided for the country to provide a theoretical basis for a new round of returning farmland to forest.The result are drawn as follows:(1)Ecological compensation as an incentive means to improve the ecological environment,such as less runoff,serious soil erosion and so on.The two key problems are to select the appropriate compensation object and determine the appropriate compensation standard.The minimum data method has the advantages of low cost,less data and simple calculation when calculating the compensation standard.It can deduce the dynamic,differential compensation standard and the ecosystem service supply curve.Compared with the past domestic static standard and one size fits all compensation mode,it can reflect farmers’ actual losses more accurately,and is more easily accepted by the receiving party.Based on the consideration of the benefit of ecological compensation,the spatial selection model of ecological compensation object is constructed,which is the ecosystem service supply,the land conversion cost and the ecosystem damage risk.The In VEST model model is a good choice to carry out the research of ecological compensation by overcoming the problem of abstract expression and not intuitionistic,and to visualize the evaluation results in the form of maps.(2)Based on the spatial selection model,the ecological compensation coefficient is estimated and sorted,and the coefficient is classified into three categories: priority compensation area,secondary priority compensation area and potential compensation area.The priority compensation areas are Weiyuan county and Longxi County,and secondary priority compensation area is Qinzhou and Wushan County.The efficiency of ecological compensation is only inferior to the priority compensation area.The potential compensation area is Maiji District and Gangu county.Only when capital is sufficient,can we consider this area.Among them,the priority compensation area is mainly distributed in the northwest part of the study area,with the highest efficiency of ecological compensation.(3)In order to increase the water supply service of the ecosystem as the main ecosystem service target,the planting income of the research areas(Weiyuan County,Longxi County,Wushan County,Gangu County,Qinzhou District and Maiji District)caused by different planting types and geographical spatial differences resulted in different land use conversion costs in each county or District,and the supply of water supply was different.The amount is different,among which the highest conversion cost is 20223.45 CNY per hectare in Maiji District,the lowest is 9661.95 CNY per hectare in Weiyuan County,and the second is Longxi County,which is 11029.95 CNY per hectare.In Qinzhou and Maiji areas with the lowest supply of arable water,the amount of water supply of 685.10m3 per hectare,and then is Weiyuan County,which can produce 725.70 m3 per hectare.If the return of farmland to forest,Maiji district can add water supply service amount of 580.82 m3/hm2,the 6 county or district new water supply service is the highest,the minimum amount of new water supply service is Wushan County,386.20 m3 per hectare. |
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