The Balancing Test Research Of High Speed Machine Spindle Based On LabVIEW

High-grade CNC machine with high speed and automation prominent advantages,takes an important position in the machinery industry,it greatly improves the processing efficiency of the parts and reduces the use of labor force and it is widely seen in every walk of life.Spindle plays a critical role in the working process of CNC machine,greatly affects the accuracy and reliability of machine tools.Rotational unbalance is one of the principal factors affecting the rotation accuracy of the spindle.The spindle balancing technique can realize the spindle balance,it has become indispensable to keep the spindle balanced state and it has wide application prospects.Spindle vibration accurate measurement and unbalance accurate calculation are the preconditions of balancing adjustment.So,it is necessary to build a spindle vibration testing system.The dynamic balancing testing system of the high-speed motorized spindle was studied in this thesis,emphatically discussing the basic principles,methods and algorithms of dynamic balancing testing,and the key technology of dynamic balancing testing was realized.Finally,a vibration testing system based on virtual instrument was developed.The main contents of this thesis are as follows:(1)The theory of balancing has been deeply studied and the test system overall scheme has been designed.According to the actual engineering object of this thesis,the theory of balancing adjust was discussed,including the causes of unbalance,the representation of unbalance and the mechanical model simplification of unbalance,the classification of unbalance,the vibration response analysis of unbalance and the concrete calculation of unbalance.Then the test system overall scheme of balancing was put forward.(2)According to the principle of relevant filter with automatic following,a vibration signal extraction arithmetic which based on time domain averaging and FIR filtering was proposed,the specific process of test algorithm was minutely described,including the cubic spline fitting,domain averaging and filtering preprocess,the signal extraction process based on relevant filter with automatic following principle.Finally,the improved algorithm and the conventional relevant filter with automatic following extraction algorithm were respectively programmed,and the improved algorithm was compared with the conventional algorithm by simulation test.On this basis,combining the influence coefficient method with the lever principle,an arithmetic that calculates unbalanced force and its axial position was proposed.(3)According to the actual working conditions and related arithmetic in this thesis,a balancing testing prototype system was developed,including the hardware construction and software system design,the specific function and performance of the sensor,DAQ card and controller was introduced in the hardware part.Based on this,the LabVIEW modular programming of related arithmetic was designed,including the design and integration of the data acquisition module,the data processing module,and the data storage module.The balancing testing technology was realized,including the speed signal acquisition,the signal time domain averaging and filtering dispose,the signal extraction,the influence coefficient and unbalance calculation,the unbalanced force and its axial position determination.(4)Taking SYL04H-1 horizontal lathe spindle as the object,the balancing testing system was realized.Firstly,the modal analysis and harmonic response analysis of the spindle were carried out based on ANSYS Workbench simulation software in this thesis,the result that spindle will not resonate under normal operation was verified.According to the actual conditions,the same dynamic characteristics analysis of the spindle system with balance head was carried out,validating the rationality of the balance head installation.Then the equivalent platform was built,conducting the improved vibration signal extraction arithmetic verification experiment,the speed influence on experiment platform vibration experiment,the spindle single side influence coefficient calibration experiment,the spindle correction quantity calculation experiment,validating the rationality of the scheme,the rationality of the hardware platform structure,the validity of the software system and the feasibility of the vibration test system.The results show that,the improved extraction arithmetic can accurately extract the vibration signal amplitude,compared with the conventional arithmetic,the amplitude extraction accuracy of improved algorithm has been improved,and the amplitude extraction accuracy is stable in different directions and at different speeds,the rotational speed influence the entire experimental platform vibration.After the spindle single-side influence coefficient calibration and unbalance calculation experiments,the correction quality is calculated and the spindle vibration amplitude is effectively reduced.