| Xinhui is the home of Chinese Fan-palm(Livistona Chinensis),the fan-palm trees that grows there have smooth and broad leaves with strong stems and round shapes,which can be made into glossy and durable palm-leaf fans with best quality better than any other places.The palm-leaf fans marketed at home and abroad since the Ming Dynasty.And then formed the fans industry which monopolized in the domestic plam products industries.Thus Xinhui was awared the reputation of "kui town".The cultivation of Livistona Chinensis in Xinhui gradually growed in a scale before the Qing Dynasty.And its palm fan became the royal tribute at the peak of the Qing period.Yet the development of Livistona Chinensis cultivation became instability in the period of the Republic of China,until recovered soon after the establishment of the People’s Republic of China.In the 1980 s,it found its planting area and yield peaked again.In the late 1990 s,the palm fan production technology became endangered,no longer lush againsince electrical appliances prevailed at that time.After centuries of experience accumulation,the planting technology of Livistona Chinensis made great progress.It has formed a mature and complete cultivation system from breeding,planting and transplanting,the management of the leaves and pest control.The planting area expanded continuously,forming the situation of “plam fans raises the whole city”,the men there handed down the planting and making technology from generation to generation.Influenced by the Central Plains court culture and fan-making skills,Xinhui palm fans evolved from the original simple and practical application toexquisite and various fan products in the Song and Yuan Dynasties,.The appearance of kinds ofbeautiful palm productions,such as woven fans,pyrographic fans,bamboo painting fans,vases and mats,which embodies the exquisite craftsmanship.The cultivation and commerce of Xinhui Livistona Chinensis reached the top in the Qing Dynasty,yielding tens of thousands of products,the business houses,shops and guild halls spread everywhere.The Chinese fan-palm processing and marketing industries came into existence during the Qianlong period,including drying the leaves,closing the fans,laokui,chujiang,siteng.Then,the Xinhui Livistona Chinensis industry guild system was established and managed by Yu Qing Tang and all the processing and marketing industries merged into it.Someimportant cities were chose as the trade centers and guild halls established for management.In the Qing Dynasty,palm fans were transported and marketed through Wuzhou,Dongguan,Yangjiang,Shaoguan and other cities It was sold through Shaoguan to the north,and then sent to Jiangxi province from Nanxiong ridge and transferred to the important cities in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze river,and of which Chongqing,Hankou and Shanghai were the biggest markets.At the same time,millions of fans exported to other countries in the world through Guangzhou,Jiangmen,Gongbei and other ports.Palm-leaf fan is widely used and its culture image can be found in the literature works and paintings,affecting various local cultures.Especially it fits very well with the customs in Guangdong,which has a unique expression of local characteristics.However,after entering the new century,cultivation and culture of the fan palm has been faced with dilemma in development due to its single-form products and lost its glory ever since.Through the great efforts of Liao Huilin,Zhao Shupei and other successors of Xinhui palm-fan-making skill,the government added its skills into intangible cultural heritage list to maintain its limited living space.How to combine with modern materials,cooperate indoor decoration demands and seek more general development space are the concerns that modern people are facing. |
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