| With the depletion of land-based oil and natural gas resources,the exploitation of offshore oil and natural gas has become the future trend of development.Because of its special geographical location,offshore oil platforms have not been able to access to the power supply and distribution network of the land.Therefore,in the process of offshore oil exploitation,crude oil generators are generally used to generate electricity for electrical equipment.At the same time,using the self-produced crude oil as generator fuel is conducive to saving production costs and increasing economic benefits.The Code for Classification and Construction of Marine Oil Platforms promulgated by China Classification Society stipulates that the flash point(closed cup test)of fuel oil used for main propulsion machinery and generators or boilers shall not be less than 60 degrees in general.After investigating one of the offshore oilfields in the eastern part of the South China Sea,it is known that the flash point of crude oil is about 40 degrees.If it is directly used as the fuel oil of generator,there will be some potential safety hazards.Therefore,design and development of the system that can improve crude oil flash point is of great strategic significance for improving the safety production efficiency and reducing the production cost of oilfields.Based on the project of crude oil flash evaporation of an offshore oilfield,this thesis designs the control and monitoring system of crude oil flash evaporation,the system is based on PLC,Kingview and Win CC Flexible.The system uses industrial Ethernet as the communication medium,so that the host computer and the slave computer communicate with each other in real time to complete the controlling and monitoring of the system.In this thesis,the main studying contents include the overall design of crude oil flash evaporation system,the design of software and hardware,and the installation and debugging of equipment.Firstly,after understanding and mastering the process and design requirements of the flash evaporation system for crude oil,this thesis puts forward the controlling and monitoring strategy based on PLC,Kingview and Win CC Flexible.Then this thesis introduces the hardware selection of the controlling and monitoring system in detail,including the design and selection of the main control unit,the upper computer,the communication module,the detection module and the execution module.In this thesis,S7-1200 PLC developed by German Siemens Company is used as the main control unit of the crude oil flash evaporation controlling and monitoring system,which has the characteristics of high stability and strong operability.The control program is compiled by the programming software of the lower computer to achieve acquisition parameters and control the operation of equipment.Kingview software developed by Ya Kong Company and Win CC flexible software developed by Siemens Company are used to develop monitoring screen of the crude oil flash evaporation system.Through industrial Ethernet communication,data exchange and information acquisition between host computer and slave computer are realized,which meets the control requirements.The whole controlling and monitoring system has completed the installation and commissioning of equipment.In the actual production process,it can run steadily and meets the control requirements of the design.The flash point of crude oil treated by the flash evaporation system reaches 70 degrees,which meets the requirements of the flash point of fuel oil for generators.The control and monitoring system not only provides a lasting guarantee for the power supply of offshore oilfields,but also greatly improves the safety production efficiency of offshore oilfields,and it can be widely used in offshore oil and natural gas exploitation industry. |
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