Study On Soil Quality Assessment And Countermeasures Of Pollution Prevention And Control Of A Town In Middle Jiangsu

As an important strategic resource for economic and social development,soil quality is directly related to economic development,ecological security and people’s well-being.Soil heavy metal pollution on human health,agricultural products safety and ecological environment have serious adverse effects.Due to historical problems,in some areas the soil is polluted by heavy metals in a town of middle of JiangSu.For the town of agricultural economy,the health of the people and the water quality of the South to North Water Diversion of water quality and safety,and other potential threats.To solve the problem of soil heavy metal pollution in the area,to ensure the safety of the soil environment in the region,has important economic,social and political significance.Based on the descriptive statistical analysis,in the eight heavy metal elements,the variability of Cd is the largest,is 115.52%.The turns of variation from large to small are Cd,Zn,Hg,Cu,Cr,Pb,Ni,As.At the same time,the enrichment factor of Cd reached 4.83,which was the most serious heavy metal in the region.There was a positive correlation between the contents of heavy metals,which reached a very significant level of correlation between Cd and Zn,which showed that there was a certain pollution between the two and may be associated with each other.Through literature review,The status of heavy metal pollution in the town soil and the statistic relationship between the heavy metal content and the pollution status were analyzed,starting from the heavy metal pollution existing problems.In the article,the main pollution factors,pollution degree and risk of soil heavy metals were evaluated and studied by using the single factor index method,Nemero index method,geo accumulation pollution index method and potential ecological risk assessment method,put forward practical and feasible countermeasures and measures for the prevention and control of pollution.Based on the background values of the soil environment quality of the County in middle of JiangSu,the sample points were in addition to mercury,and the nickel were all over the standard,the excessive rate of 31.62～100,it can be seen that there are heavy metal accumulation in the soil in the study area.Based on the second standards,Cd and Zn samples were excessive,the rate was 68.61%and 41.60%,exceeding the standard is more serious.Comprehensive Nemero pollution index method and the evaluation results of geo accumulation pollution index method,the soil of the study area was polluted,Cd and Zn as the main pollution factors.Potential ecological risk assessment showed that the potential ecological risk index of single heavy metal Cd was the serious,and the average pollution degree was very strong.The potential ecological risk index of cadmium reached 1010,with a very strong degree of pollution.The potential ecological risk grade of the other seven kinds of heavy metals,including Zn was slight,and the medium harm was not achieved.According to the investigation and analysis,The main source of soil heavy metal pollution is the study area built the zinc smelting plant and some small zinc sulfate from industrial waste processing plant.And the unscientific farmland fertilization and non treatment of livestock and poultry breeding industry is also an important cause of pollution.Soil heavy metal pollution is the most serious core area is the original pollution of the plant or raw material yard,The original lead and zinc smelting enterprises concentrated area and the surrounding area is a high risk area.Overall,the ecological risk of the area is strong,the situation is not optimistic,the need to take measures to control.Soil heavy metals pollution prevention and control is a system engineering,focusing on "prevention".Requires the government,enterprises and the masses,such as the whole society to work together to prevent pollution from the source to invade.According to the status and characteristics of soil pollution in study area,can be carried out from the aspects of engineering repair,improve the optimization of agricultural planting,breeding programs,and control industrial pollution,and strengthen publicity and education,control of heavy metals.Engineering repair is to pollution "core area" and "high risk area" high efficiency,fast way of management,The main pollution elements in the study area,the degree of pollution,the scope of the use of the method of repair and so on,In the most polluted "core area" with the pollution of soil biological leaching to high concentration of heavy metal ion removal,Governance and the microbial and plant extraction approach to high risk areas outside the core area through biological leaching after and the core area is the best method.