| Forests are the main body of terrestrial ecosystem and the cradle of human evolution.They play a major role in the exchange of material and energy flow between biological and non-biological systems and play a central and lever role in maintaining the overall function of terrestrial ecosystem,maintaining the balance of earth’s ecology and promoting the coordinated development of economy and ecology.However,with the development of social economy,the ecological environment is deteriorating day by day,especially at the current stage of the comprehensive construction of jianghua yao autonomous county,which is undoubtedly a huge challenge to the construction of forest ecological protection.Therefore,scientific evaluation of forest ecosystem services,the embodiment of the direct objective of forestry strategic status and role in the economic and social sustainable development,promoting the ecological service function benefits such as ecological new national economic accounting system,such as GDP,correctly handle the relationship between the social and economic development and ecological environment protection,the service around the macroscopic decision making.Based on the forest land renewal database of jianghua yao autonomous county in 2017 and the forest ecosystem positioning observation research network data of hunan province,this paper summarizes the types of forest ecosystem service functions,and elaborates and analyzes the mechanism and evaluation methods of forest ecosystem services.The following research results are obtained:(1)the forest ecosystem service function of jianghua yao autonomous county is remarkable in 2017.Refer to the National forestry industry standard"forest ecosystem service Function Evaluation Specification"(LY/T 1721-2008),combined with the characteristics of Jianghua yao autonomous County region,to build a forest ecological service function evaluation system in line with Jianghua yao autonomous County characteristics,the system is divided into eight 1 level evaluation indicators and 13 2 level evaluation indicators.Its forest of regulating storage capacity(water conservation capacity)the total amount of up to 2.34395 billion m3,a year in soil conservation ecological function of forest,forest can reduce soil loss every year on the yao autonomous county of 2.323 million t,forest soil by reducing soil erosion and keep the amount of NPK(2610.4 t,fertilizer consumption)in forest carbon oxygen release function,amount of carbon on the yao autonomous county of 1.51106 million t,releasing oxygen amount is 3.912 million t,nutrient accumulation of wood in the forest,on the amount of yao nationality autonomous county is 9.075475 billion t,In the function of purification environment,the forest of jianghua yao autonomous county provides 3497.47 x 1022 negative ions per year,absorbs 16960t of S02,absorbs 1103.1t of fluoride,and absorbs 2042.9t of nitrogen oxides.(2)the total value of various forest ecological services in jianghua yao autonomous county is 34564250.00 yuan.On them:the yao nationality autonomous county forest for water conservation function value 14.323174 billion yuan,the forest soil conservation function is valued at 386.615 million yuan,the forest carbon sequestration oxygen release totaling 5.72485 billion yuan,a forest of trees nutrient accumulation totaling 9.279219 billion yuan,purification of forest environmental functions for the total value of 38.168 million yuan,the forest the protective function of the total value of 1.644023 billion yuan,totaling 3.168201 billion yuan,the biodiversity of the forest function of forest recreation function totaling 794.77 million yuan.The value ranking of various service functions is as follows:water conservation source>forest nutrition accumulation>carbon fixation and oxygen release>biodiversity conservation>forest protection>forest protection>conservation soil>purification environment.The value of water conservation accounted for 40.51%.Soil conservation value accounts for 1.09%;The value of carbon fixation and oxygen release accounted for 16.19%.The value of forest nutrition accumulation accounted for 26.24%.The value of cleaning environment accounted for 0.11%.Forest protection value accounts for 4.65%;Biodiversity conservation value accounts for 8.96%;Forest recreation value accounts for 2.25%.The value of secondary forest was the largest among all types of forest value,accounting for 49.53%of the total value of the county,followed by timber forest,accounting for 40.04%of the total value of the county.(3)the forest ecological service function of jianghua yao autonomous county contributes greatly to the sustainable development of jianghua yao autonomous county.First,the forest of jianghua yao autonomous county is the basic biological resource system of its important water supply and disaster prevention and reduction.The regulated water amount is equivalent to building about 1 large(1)reservoir every year.Second,it has strong ability of carbon fixation and oxygen release.The fixed amount of carbon dioxide in one year is more than 1.5 million tons,which is an important guarantee for the county’s low-carbon economic development and the indirect emission reduction of atmospheric carbon dioxide.Thirdly,it is a natural purifier of pollutants in the atmosphere,soil and water of the county,and it has excellent functions.Meanwhile,it releases a large amount of oxygen and negative oxygen ions.Fourth,species diversity is abundant,a large number of biological resources gene pool has been preserved,and has become one of the global biodiversity conservation hotspots,providing important biological germplasm and genetic resource base for the sustainable development of human beings and economic society. |
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