Effect Of Koumiss On Hypolipidemic And Gut Microbiota In Patients With Hyperlipidemia

Koumiss is used as an effective hypolipidemic healthy drink,and its mechanism is generally believed to be related to lactic acid bacteria and their metabolites.A large number of studies have revealed that lipid metabolism is closely related to gut microbiota,therefore,gut microbiota has been a new target for the treatment of hyperlipidemia.At present,the research on the blood lipids of koumiss treatment is only limited to clinical symptoms,but there were few studies that koumiss alleviate hyperlipidemia though affecting gut microbiota,At the same time,a comprehensive understanding of microbial metabolites in koumiss is particularly important to reveal the mechanism of reducing blood lipid.In this study,13 patients with hyperlipidemia were treated with 250 mL of koumiss per day and last for 60 day before meals.We collected blood samples at day 0 and day 60,respectively,and fecal samples at day 0,day 30 and day 60,respectively.Also,based on blood physiological and biochemical indexes and gut microbiota,as well as combined with the differential metabolites of koumiss and fresh mares’ milk to explore the mechanism of reducing blood lipid through analyzing differential metabolites between koumiss and fresh mares’ milk,the results are as follows:(1)During the consumption of koumiss,the clinical symptom score of patients significantly reduced(p<0.05),the level of high density lipoprotein-cholesterol was significantly increased(p<0.05),and the level of immunoglobulin G was significantly decreased(p<0.05).(2)During the consumption of koumiss,the abundance and diversity of gut microbiota were significantly increased.The relative abundance of bacteria,such as Bacteroides uniformis,Bacteroides fragilis and Roseburia faecis continuously increased.The relative abundance of bacteria,such as Clostridium,Odoribacter and Citrobacter continuously decreased.(3)The correlation analysis between gut microbiota and lipid metabolism showed that,Bacteroides massiliensis had a significantly negative correlation with the level of total cholesterol and significant positive associated with the level of high density lipoprotein-cholesterol,Clostridium had a significantly positive correlation with the level of triglyceride.(4)Compared with fresh mares’ milk,S-Adenosyl-L-methionine,carnosine and pyridoxine were distinctly increased in koumiss(p<0.05),which can alleviate the symptoms of hyperlipidemia.In conclusion,our study demonstrated that koumiss may regulate the balance of gut microbiota,maintain the homeostasis of intestinal environment,thereby regulating the blood lipid to normal level and alleviating hyperlipidemia.At the same time,microbial metabolites of koumiss also play an important role in reducing blood lipid.This study laid the potential for a comprehensive analysis of the mechanism of koumiss in the treatment of hyperlipidemia.