Research On Carbon Emission Accounting And Energy-saving And Emission-reduction Strategy Of Low-carbon Construction Projects

A large number of greenhouse gas emissions caused global warming.Environmental pollution and energy shortage has become the focus of the international community.In recent years,with the development of urbanization,the construction sector in China has gradually become the main source of greenhouse gas emissions and energy consumption.Therefore,it is an important measure to realize the energy-saving and emission reduction of construction industry in China by vigorously promoting low-carbon buildings,comprehensively accounting the greenhouse gas emissions and improving the energy efficiency of building during the life cycle.This paper mainly studies the sustainable development of low-carbon buildings in China from two aspects of environmental pollution and energy shortage,combined with the research status of low-carbon buildings in China.The main research work in this paper is as follows:?1?This study presents LCA method to quantifying CO₂ emissions by using the main emission factors from design,construction,operation and decommissioning phase.This paper expounds the concept of low-carbon buildings,according to three kinds of main carbon emission factors including human consumption,fossil energy and electricity,the CO₂ emission accounting model of low-carbon buildings is established.Then,a draft framework of the carbon emissions accounting method is presented to evaluate the low-carbon construction projects including residential,commercial,factory,office,exhibition center and school buildings based on an Activity-Based Costing and LCA method.At last,the 0-1 mixed integer programming model is used to study the portfolio selection for six low-carbon buildings under the guidance of the government's low-carbon policy.?2?A fuzzy comprehensive AHP-TOPSIS method is adopted to study the investment decision of low carbon building energy supply.High energy consumption is the main factor causing CO₂ emissions,and improving energy efficiency is the only way to implement low carbon building.Thus,an evaluation index includes five main criteria and 17 sub-criteria from the perspective of the life cycle of architecture in this study.Then,the fuzzy comprehensive AHP-TOPSIS method is used to evaluate the three kinds of renewable energy sources in China,namely photovoltaic,wind energy and biomass energy.In the end,an optimal renewable energy sources for investment about buildings in China is selected.?3?The investment decision of low carbon building energy efficiency retrofit project based on real option theory is proposed.Firstly,from the perspective of life cycle,this paper puts forward the key energy efficiency retrofit measures for the building envelope retrofit,the renovation of HVAC system and the utilization of renewable energy of the existing residential buildings in hot summer and cold winter zone.Then proposed evaluation method is based on the real option theory,which is an advancement of standard cost-benefit analysis.The real option model of B-S is constructed in accordance with the market change.The case study shows that the calculation model provides a new tool for the investment evaluation energy efficiency retrofit project of the existing building,which is of practical significance to promote the energy saving and emission reduction in the construction sector of China.