| Fujian Tulou is a World Heritage Site renowning for the harmonious coexistence of human activities and natural ecology.While tourism development brings considerable benefits to the cultural heritage villages of Tulou,the rapid development of urbanization and a large number of "constructive" development however can cause variable damages to Tulou and its surrounding landscape environment,which is a huge threat for the sustainable protection and the development of cultural heritage Tulou.Therefore,it is urgent to explore the integrity protection mechanism of Tulou's cultural heritage villages from the perspective of landscape ecological protection.Taking the Hekeng Tulou building cluster,located in Nanjing as a part of the World Heritage Site Fujian Tulou,as an example,this study combined qualitative analysis with quantitative calculation to investigate the characteristics of landscape resources,ecological environment status,and the dynamic changes of landscape spatial pattern and ecosystem service values of the Tulou cluster in Hekeng village.Then the study proposed the strategies for ecological environment protection and rational utilization of Tulou cluster's landscape resources in Hekeng village,and provided the ideas and methods for landscape ecological protection of Nanjing Tulou.The outlines of the research are as follows:(1)Provided a historical review of relevant theories,including researches on the landscape protection and the landscape ecology of traditional villages and the landscape protection of the World Heritage site Fujian Tulou.(2)Compared and analysed the landscape status and characteristics of typical Tulou buildings in Nanjing County,and summarized their similarities and differences from four aspects: natural geographical environment,Tulou's architectural characteristics,human landscape and the status of landscape environment.(3)Taking Hekeng Village,who owns the most intensive Tulou building among Nanjing County,as the research object,this paper investigated and sorted out the regional landscape characteristics of its spatial location,landscape pattern,natural ecological landscape resources and human ecological landscape resources,and summarized the existing problems such as ecological environment destruction,lack of public space,as well as the urgent need to improve residential environment.(4)Fragstats software was used to obtain landscape pattern index.Combing the quantitativecalculation results of ecosystem service values,the evolution characteristics of landscape spatial pattern and ecosystem service function value of Hekeng village from year 2011 to2017 are analyzed.It was concluded that landscape elements such as mountain woodland,farmland,terrace and river system have great influence on the overall ecological change of the village.The results showed that the number and the density of patches,the degree of spread and the connectivity index of the whole spatial pattern increased,as Shannon diversity and Shannon evenness index decreased.The total value of ecosystem services increased from 9.85 million yuan in 2011 to 10.894 million yuan in 2017.(5)Based on the qualitative and quantitative analysis results,the landscape ecological protection strategies for Hekeng village are put forward,including partition of the landscape ecological protection areas in mountain woodland,river system and terraced fields.The other strategies are about rational utilization of landscape resources,improvement of ecological environment and creation of characteristic landscape.Finally,on the basis of summing up the common characteristics of the landscape of Nanjing Tulou building,the overall protection strategies for the landscape ecology are proposed.Under the background of tourism development and rural development to date,the strategies for the ecological protection and the activation/utilization of landscape resources are of great significance to the sustainable development of the World Cultural Heritage Village with Tulou buildings in Nanjing. |
PDF Full Text Request