Spatial Difference And Influencing Factors Of Carbon Dioxide Emission Efficiency In China

Excessive emissions of greenhouse gases,mainly carbon dioxide,are the main cause of global warming.Carbon emission is deeply rooted with mankind and can be found from all aspects of human economic life,among which energy consumption is a major source.This article studies the carbon emissions and its efficiency in China’s various provinces starting from the perspective of energy consumption,and then puts forward pieces of useful policy suggestions for China’s energy consumption and emission reduction and improvement of carbon emissions efficiency.This paper takes the energy consumption carbon emissions and its efficiency as the research object from the perspective of various provinces in China.Using the model provided by the IPCC,carbon emission is calculated.Furthermore,efficiency results are calculated using the slack based data envelopment model considering undesirable outputs.Then,from the perspective of regional differences,spatial distribution patterns,spatial correlations and divergence analysis,the spatial differences about carbon emission efficiency are analyzed in detail.The results show that there are obvious regional differences during the evolution of carbon emission efficiency in various provinces of China,and the efficiency distribution patterns shows the characteristics of agglomeration distribution;global spatial correlation analysis indicate that there is positive spatial correlation in some years.And the results of local spatial correlation analysis are consistent with the global,it shows only a small part of the area exhibits high-high agglomeration pattern with the neighboring areas in certain years.This shows that overall there is no significant spatial correlation between the carbon emission efficiency of various provinces,and the results of carbon emission efficiency are more likely from the results of spatial random distribution.The results of convergence analysis also indicate that there is no convergence for the whole,the east and the west,but the central part shows σ convergence when Hunan is omitted from the sample.Using the Tobit panel model to further study the influencing factors of carbon emission efficiency,the empirical results show that:(1)At the national level,the added value of the first,second and third industries has a significant inhibitory effect on carbon emission efficiency,indicating that China’s industrial structure can been further optimized and its carbon emission efficiency can be further improved;(2)There is a significant inverted U-shaped relationship between the population density and energy consumption carbon emission efficiency in the four models,indicating that a population density that is too high or too low will adversely affect the local energy consumption carbon emission efficiency;(3)Import and export activities of foreign-invested enterprises can promote the improvement of carbon emission efficiency as a whole,but the margin of improvement is limited;(4)Government governance indicators have shown a positive role in promoting carbon emission efficiency,indicating enhancing government spending on science,ecology and education can improve carbon efficiency;(5)The technology level,measured by the lagged economic efficiency,can significantly promote carbon emission efficiency,which shows that the improvement of economic developments from the base period helps to improve carbon emission efficiency;(6)Energy structure indicators are negatively related to efficiency,indicating that China’s overall energy consumption structure can be further improved.It is necessary to find green energy substitutions with high carbon emission efficiency as an alternative to traditional energy in order to further improve carbon emission efficiency.