| Urban green space is an important carrier of urban ecosystem services,which can provide multiple benefits and service functions for urban living.Compared with natural areas,ecosystem services in a city affect the quality and quality of living in a more direct way,and the level of service provision and the level of interaction between various service functions are directly related to the sustainable development of urban environment.The current urban fine development background corresponds to the satisfaction of higher human needs,which requires the supply pattern of green space's service functions to be reasonable,coordinated and develop and improve in a positive direction.Therefore,a reasonable and effective evaluation system and method are needed to quantify the current service functions of green space and give feedback to the formulation of spatial planning strategies,so as to provide a favorable basis for the sustainable and coordinated development of green space.On summarizing the current evaluation system and evaluation method of green space,there are several possible limitations: first of all,on the choice of research angle of view,the introduction of the ecosystem service concept is mainly regarding ecological level,researchers give more considerations on ecological issues rather than the human dimension level.People oriented and value of research perspectives are rarely involved;Secondly,in terms of the structure of the evaluation system,the logical relationship between indicator levels is neither unified nor clear enough,and the interaction relationship between the indicators under the hierarchy is not clear,either,so it is difficult for the evaluation system to correspond with the exact response strategy.Finally,in the evaluation of the evaluation results,most of the research uses the method of index weight superposition to obtain a certain value as the standard to measure the quality of service functions.Some weak service functions are easy to be ignored by the researchers and fail to be considered in the improvement demand.The optimization of evaluation system construction and evaluation method to improve the above situation plays a key role in clearly sorting out the spatial status,effectively integrating development resources and actively guiding the formulation of planning strategies.This paper takes Beijing central districts as the research object.The specific research contents include: systematize and summarize the ecosystem services that green space can provide based on the hierarchy classification of people's needs,and construct the evaluation index system of urban green space ecosystem services that is applicable to this region.The existing green space service function in the Beijing central districts was quantitatively evaluated at the index level,and the evaluation results were spatially corresponding to the planning unit(0.25 km~2)to show the spatial positioning of the indicators.Coupling coordination degree analysis,index factor correlation,synergy and tradeoff analysis and driving force factor analysis were carried out by using coupling coordination model and multi-dimensional and multi-level analysis method to improve the effectiveness of the analysis of spatial quantification results.The innovation of this study is mainly reflected in the logic optimization of the evaluation system construction with the introduction of demand level,index dimension concept,coupled coordination model and multidimensional analysis method to analyze the service function pattern.The results are as follows:(1)at present,the application of the concept of ecosystem services in green space planning is mainly based on the consideration of ecological function.By introducing the theory related to the classification of human needs,it is beneficial to focus the research perspective from ecological space to human dimension and establish a direct relationship with urban space service objects.In the construction of the evaluation system,the service level is divided into three categories: ecological security,material production and landscape cultural carrying,as well as four dimensions: element type,spatial pattern,spatial process and landscape perception,so as to establish the connection and bridge between ecosystem services and the construction of green space evaluation system.(2)the coupling coordination degree(CDI)of three service categories in the green space in Beijing central districts reflects the current development state of the green space.From the perspective of planning unit scale,CDI presents a spatial pattern in which the maladjustment type is the main body and the global uncoordinated development.The types of coupling coordination include near-disorder,moderate disorder,mild disorder,severe disorder,and extreme disorder.From the perspective of the overall CDI of the six administrative regions,all regions are in the development stage of maladjustment and at different levels of maladjustment.(3)spatial correlation analysis shows that there are various synergies and tradeoffs among different types of service functions and service dimensions in the green space in Beijing central districts,which affect the formulation of service function improvement strategies.Six different partitions have different performances in the supply of advantageous service functions and inferior service functions.The combination with correlation analysis is conducive to the formulation of service function improvement strategies suitable for each partition.(4)in the part of research and analysis,the driving factors affecting the coupling coordination type of green space are also discussed.Driving force model analysis shows that vegetation coverage is the most important factor affecting various types of disturbance.To some extent,the expansion of urban construction land will aggravate the distribution of various types of imbalance,resulting in further degradation of coupling coordination degree.In addition,climatic factors also have a certain influence on the level of coupling coordination degree. |
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