Research On Environmental Accounting Information Disclosure Of CNPC Based On PSR Model

Since the 21 st century,the situation of environmental pollution has been severe.China’s government departments have issued a series of environmental related laws and regulations,but the situation of information disclosure for heavy pollution industry is still not optimistic,especially for the high energy consumption and heavy pollution oil industry.Therefore,it is necessary to conduct in-depth study on the disclosure of environmental accounting information of CNPC,a benchmark enterprise in the oil industry.The innovation of this paper lies in "Three Combinations" : the combination of PSR model expand the traditional research paradigm of accounting theory;the combination of hierarchical structure model and content analysis to provide a tool for the quality evaluation of environmental accounting information disclosure;the combination of REA model and accounting information system to design the basis with the help of information technology such as OLTP function and OLAP function Based on the process of information disclosure of REA model,a new practical scheme is explored.Based on the PSR model,stakeholder theory,organizational legitimacy theory,signal transmission theory,event method and value method theory,REA model theory,this paper takes CNPC’s environmental accounting information disclosure as the intermediary,and applies the "pressure-state-response(PSR)" model as the main line throughout the paper to study the information disclosed by CNPC in 2014-2018.First of all,the applicability of PSR model in the study of CNPC’s environmental information disclosure is discussed.Then,the pressure(P)faced by CNPC’s environmental accounting information disclosure is described from three aspects of system specification,economic development and public opinion supervision,and the implementation and impact of 2015 environmental protection law and2018 environmental protection tax law are emphasized.Secondly,the state analysis(S)is carried out from the way,form,content and quality of CNPC’s environmental information disclosure.It is found that CNPC has diversified ways to disclose information,mainly by combining supplementary reports and independent environmental reports;by taking non-financial content as the majority and relatively stable.In addition,the application of hierarchical structure model and content analysis method,the evaluation results of CNPC’s information quality show that: CNPC in the sample period,the overall quality of information disclosure is still good,there are obvious characteristics of disclosure content subdivision,quantitative data increase,overall trend is good.It is also found that the quality of environmental information disclosure of independent environmental report is generally higherthan that of supplementary report,and there is a correlation between the pressure of institutional norms and the disclosure of environmental accounting information of CNPC.In view of the above problems,this paper proposes response policies(R)from four aspects: internal process optimization,government macro-control,public opinion supervision,and finally return to internal governance.First of all,based on the REA model,the optimization design of information disclosure process is proposed.Based on the adjustment of environmental accounting business process based on event method,the paper designs the environmental event voucher which is suitable for reflecting the environmental business activities;combines the OLTP function and OLAP function to build the event driven environmental event information database,including three storage modules: resource information database,event information database and participant information database;uses the report generation tool to output the independent environmental report based on value method,Namely,environmental balance sheet,environmental profit statement,environmental cash flow statement and notes.The notes mainly cover six modules: company profile,preparation description,environmental management,environmental specifications,environmental protection measures and performance,and relationship with stakeholders.Secondly,it is suggested that the government should strengthen macro-control,speed up the formulation of relevant laws and regulations and environmental accounting information disclosure standards,so as to provide institutional guarantee and operational guidance for the closed-loop processing of CNPC information disclosure.Then,establish the supervision mechanism of environmental audit system.Finally,return to CNPC’s internal governance,strengthen internal environmental audit and pay attention to talent gradient construction.This paper concludes that as a representative enterprise of heavy pollution in China,it is necessary for CNPC to disclose its environmental accounting information;the pressure of system regulation,economic development,public opinion supervision and CNPC’s environmental information disclosure are all related,among which the rigid constraint effect of system regulation is the most significant;the environmental accounting information disclosure of CNPC At present,the quality of environmental accounting information disclosure is still good,but it needs to be improved.The process of information disclosure based on REA model is a solution different from the traditional accounting theory,and the independent environmental accounting report is the most effective way of environmental accounting information disclosure.To improve the environmental accounting information disclosure of CNPC needs the interests of the government,the company and the public Joint efforts of stakeholders.