Study On The Relations Between Iran Modernization In 50—70s Twentieth Century And Petroleum Industry

Modernization is by far the most profound global transformation in human history,and it’s also an irresistible trend of the times.The modernization and the industry of Iran has been accelerating with the continuous development of it’s petroleum industry,especially after the nationalization movement of the oil industry.At the same time,the development of petroleum industry has also caused many problems and has had an adverse effect on the Iran modernization.So it will draw lessons to those countries which are seeking modernization path from studying on the development of typical resource-based countries such as Iran.This article is mainly divided into five parts in structure.The first part first interprets the basic meaning and characteristics of modernization,and expounds the various modernization modes that have emerged in the world.The theme of the paper could be clear though the profound consideration of Iran modernization.The second part reviews the development history of the Iranian oil industry for more than 100 years.Iran was gradually affected by western countries since its oil was discovered and exploited by British.Along with the competetion for Persian oil between Britain and Russia,the effcets of British was gradually declined,and the U.S.influence on the Iranian oil industry increased.From the 1950 s to the 1970 s,Iranian petroleum industry was witnessed an unprecedented rapid development and became a force in the Middle East.Due to the backwardness of technology and management measures,the oil industry of Iran was highly dependent on western countries.The third part analyzes the promotive effection of oil industry on Iranian modernization from the 1950 s to the 1970 s.The development of Iranian petroleum industry contributed to the rapid development of industrialization,which made more and more people are moving to cities,and thus the urbanization accelerated and urban land also increased dramatically.At the same time,petroleum trade revenues also increased and Iranian goverment used those money for cultural and education and thus the democratic awareness of Iranian people gradually awaked and Iran modernization accelerated.The fourth part discusses the development of the oil industry in the 50 s and 70 s of the 20 th century.It is closely related to the problems arising from Iran’s modernization process.Iran’s corruption is extremely serious,the industrial development is unbalanced,the gap between the rich and the poor is widening,and Iran’s national culture and Western culture have emerged.The contradiction between Iran’s internal democracy and autocracy.The development of history is reflected in the paradoxical movement of many factors that restrict each other.The perfect outcome can only be found in the ideal.Iran’s socio-economic,cultural,and political issues are inseparable from the oil industry.The fifth part is based on the previous chapter and summarizes the enlightenment of Iran’s modernization process in the 1950 s and 1970 s.It is unscientific and unreasonable for Iran to rely on the single resource of oil to develop.It is necessary to get rid of the phenomenon of being cursed by resources and establish a flexible market system to ensure the income of oil.The Iranian government should change its ideology,expand its foreign exchange,and develop a diversified economy.At the same time,relying on science and technology to drive the progress of the oil industry,it must also reduce corruption,pay attention to the fairness and reasonableness of the road to development,provide more benefits for the people,and truly realize The country is rich and powerful.