Research On The Dynamic Changes Of Ecological Carrying Capacity Of Protected Areas

The report of the Nineteenth National Congress of the Communist Party of China clearly stated that "Build a land space development and protection system,improve the supporting policies of the main functional areas,and establish a national park-based nature protected areas system".The construction of Protected areas is an important means of ecological civilization construction and land space development.As a national ecological security infrastructure and important nodes,protected areas are the most effective means of protecting ecosystems,maintaining resources and biodiversity,and also an important guarantee for sustainable social development.In the era of rapid development,protected areas face the problem of trade-offs between development and protection.Some protected areas place emphasis on development and light protection,affecting regional sustainable development.How to coordinate conflicts between various stakeholders caused by resource utilization and regional economic construction has become a very urgent task at present.In recent years,China’s protected areas system has been continuously improved,and a variety of nature reserve systems have been initially established,it mainly include nature reserves,national parks,and scenic spots.The Jinshitan protected areas selected in this article has both the function of protecting resources and the environment and the function of providing resource services for the socio-economic development of the region.This type of protected areas faces the contradiction between development and protection.It must be based on the principle of natural ecological protection and economic construction as a supplement,and control human activities within the range of carrying capacity threshold.Based on the remote sensing images and land use data from 1998,2003,2007,2012,and 2015,this paper selects Jinshitan protected areas as the research area to analyze the spatiotemporal evolution of the ecological carrying capacity of proctected areas characteristics and drivers,and recommendations for sustainable development of other nature reserves.The research results show that: 1.The ecological carrying capacity of Jinshitan showed an overall downward trend.Time evolution of ecological carrying capacity: The overall ecological carrying capacity of Jinshitan has shown a downward trend,from 0.3198 in 1998 to 0.1765 in 2015,and the carrying capacity level has decreased from a strong carrying level to a weak carrying level.Spatial changes in ecological carrying capacity: Jinshitan’s ecological carrying capacity varies greatly in regional space,the ecological carrying capacity in the northern region is good,and the ecological carrying capacity in the southern coastal region is poor,showing a trend of continuous decline from the southern coast to the inland.2.The coupling coordination degree of Jinshitan’s ecological carrying capacity shows a downward trend.The coupling coordination degree decreased from 0.1841 in 1998 to 0.1552 in 2015.3.In the analysis of the change slope of the ecological carrying capacity of Jinshitan,the change slope of the ecological environment carrying capacity is smaller in the north-central area and the eastern sea area of Chenjia Village and the west of Miaoshang Village.The slope of the ecological carrying capacity in the southern coastal areas,the central and eastern regions,and the southwestern region is relatively large.4.In terms of the analysis of the ecological carrying capacity barrier degree factors,comprehensively analyzing the changes in the obstacle degree of various indicators from 1998 to 2015,vegetation coverage,development disturbance index and tourist density are the main obstacles to ecological carrying capacity,and they have become obstacles to the optimization of the ecological carrying capacity of Jinshitan.