Study Of Tillage In Fallow Period To Storage Soil Water And Sowing Technique Of Dryland Wheat

The experiment was made to carry out field trials in 2015-2016 in Tong Cheng town,Wenxi County,Shanxi Province,where is the total area of 2.3 hectares of the test.And the choice of wheat varieties was Jin Mai 92,natural rainfall being the only source of water.Deep tillage(DT),during leisure time,is the main area,and exploring the soil moisture ditch sowing(DS),film sowing(fm),furrow sowing(FS)three seed way for the sub-area.Then setting 60,75,90,105 and 120 kg·hm-2sowing for small cracks.To research after DT model during poor water year,the three sowing ways to form a complete set of five gradient amount of seeding of dry land wheat 0-300 cm soil layer soil moisture levels,vertical change,production structure,group formation characteristics,plant nitrogen accumulation,distribution and utilization,grain protein accumulation characteristics,to pursuit the appropriate use of the sowing method and its matching sowing,after leisure period during poor water years,especially in the poor years of dry years,to get dry wheat achieving stable production High yield and quality of cultivation techniques and provide theoretical basis and technical support.The main results are as follows:(1)The dry land wheat after DT soil water storage efficiency as positive up to 47.31%,and the peasant household model for negative up to 22.02%,which significantly improves the seeding time 0-300 cm soil layer soil pondage.Its soil water storage capacity to jointing stage is still significant,and significantly reduce the flowering period,mature period soil pondage;after DT,the dry land in small grain number,grain number,potential,treatment significantly improved,increased by 13.87%,4.94%and 4.94%,respectively,in the end can improve the yield by 20.50%.(2)After DT,with FS,the effect of soil moisture on 0-300cm soil layer during the flowering period was significant,regardless of whether the deep tumbling and the sowing were significantly higher than that of the sowing 0-300cm soil moisture.And the soil water content of 0-300 cm soil layer in mature stage was decreased.After DT,the FM was increased and the tiller was increased during the jointing stage and booting stage,and tiller of FS was the lowest In FM,the number of spikes increased by 24.40%compared with FS,16.00%higher than DS.The yield was 14.26%higher than FS,which was 19.04%higher than DS.But in FS,the number of spike and grains per spike was significantly higher than that of the sowing.The yield of the plant was increased by 5.60-13.36 kg·hm-2,and FM was the highest,and the DS was the smallest.Soil moisture,growth period of the film can be increased by 138.57%compared with FS,11.49%higher than DS.(3)After the DT,with FS,over wintering period-flowering seeding rate was 105 kg·hm-2 level of soil water content was significantly higher than other levels,mature sowing quantity 105 kg·hm-2 soil water storage was significantly lower than other levels.Whether FM or DS,under the treatment of 105 kg·hm-2,the tiller number was significantly higher than that of other treatments.And the treatment of 90 kg·hm-2 was significantly higher than that of the other period the sowing rate of 60 kg·hm-2 treatment under the entire growth period,were the lowest level and significant difference.With FS,tiller number in sowing rate of 105 kg·hm-2 treatment-green period at jointing stage was significantly higher than other treatments.Sowing quantity 90 kg·hm-2 treatment was significantly higher than other levels in the booting stage.Sowing rate of 60 kg·hm-2 treatment were the lowest level and the difference was significant during the whole growth period.In furrow treatment,the same sowing treatment,the film mature plant of FM height than others.FS is last.90 kg hm-2with FM treatment,sowing rate of panicle length,fertile spikelet number was higher than other treatments,not pregnant spikelets lower than that of other treatments.With FS,following sowing amount,panicle number,grain number,grain weight,grain yield increased first and then decreased,and there were significant differences among different treatments;75-120 kg hm-2 with FM,panicle number,grain yield increased first and then decreased,different sowing quantity 90 kg hm-2 the highest level and other treatments significantly;90kg hm-2with DS,the highest grain yield and panicle number had significant differences with other treatments.The amount of nitrogen absorbed in the plant was increased under the same sowing rate,and FM or FS increased the absorption of nitrogen in the plant.And the mating rate was 105 kg hm-2 with FS and the mating content of 90 kg hm-2 with FM was beneficial to the accumulation of nitrogen in wheat.The mating rate was 105 kg hm-2 with FS,and the mating rate of 105 kg hm-2 with FM were beneficial to the augment of the proportion of nitrogen accumulation in the grain and the accumulation of nitrogen in stem and stem and significantly increased the amount of nitrogen.Using membrane international drilling information quantity was 90 kg hm-2 with FM and furrow sowing with sowing quantity was 105 kg hm-2 with FS uptake efficiency,harvest index,nitrogen were significantly higher than other film international drilling efficiency,furrow sowing.In short,in poor water years,after DT,90 kg hm-2 with FM supporting multicast is conducive to the accumulation of natural rainfall during the fallow period,improve soil moisture,improve soil moisture before anthesis,construct a reasonable group,optimization of yield components,promote the effective panicle formation,and improve the yield and water use efficiency of wheat.It is conducive to promote the absorption,translocation of nitrogen,and the accumulation of grain protein quality,optimization.