The Clinical Anatomy Of The Inferior Thyroid Arteries And Veins And The Safety Of The Modified Tracheotomy

Objective To discuss the clinical anatomy of the inferior thyroid arteries and veins and the safety of clinical application of the modified tracheotomy.Methods Using the clinical surgical case of the subject(60 patients who need to do a partial resection or full resection of thyroid cancer and 50 patients of laryngeal or hypopharyngeal cancer required tracheotomy),the distribution of the inferior thyroid arteries and veins closely related to tracheotomy is further dissected without prejudice to the patient’s benefit.The inverted "U" type of tracheal flap tracheotomy was further improved on the basis of anatomical findings.Finally,the further modified tracheotomy was used for clinical practice and compared with the conventional tracheotomy and the inverted "U" type of tracheal flap tracheotomy.Results Of the 110 cases,the lowest thyroid artery was found in 11 cases,with a rate of 10%.The inferior thyroid vein has 2~4 branches,which originates from the lower lobe or isthmus of the thyroid lateral lobe,descending in the anterior tracheal space.According to the characteristics of the static reflux of the thyroid gland,the lower thyroid vessels are classified into four types:(1)intravenous dry type 28 cases(2)intravenous double dry no traffic type 43 cases;(3)intravenous double trunk with 28 cases of traffic;(4)mixed type of 11 cases.At present,the further modified tracheotomy can effectively avoid the rebleeding of the lower thyroid arteries and veins.This method was used in clinic.There were no bleeding in 1 case,and other complications did not occur.Conclusion It provides a basis for the further modified of tracheotomy that is investigating the clinical anatomy of the inferior thyroid artery and vein,which is closely related to tracheotomy.The further modified tracheotomy has certain advantages than the conventional tracheotomy and the inverted "U" type of tracheal flap tracheotomy,not only simple operation and easy popularization,more important is the safety is greatly improved.