| Objective:To evaluate the trend in the growth characteristics and vision among children in Yixing City from 2012 to 2016,by observing the body shape index,growth and physical development status and visual test.To explore the potential association between the nutrition status and abnormal vision so as to provide theoretical evidence in decision-making and strategic development for the work of school health.Methods:Multi-stage cluster random sampling method was applied in the population of children at grade one in September 2012.Finally,341 boys and 328 girls in city,463 boys and 402 girls in rural areas were randomly enrolled.Health check-up was done every year from 2012 to 2016.Health check-up data were collected and analyzed to compare the dynamic changes of growth index of pupil’s height,weight and BMI,and overweight/obesity rate changes and poor vision dynamic change situation of different sex and different source.The t test and linear regression analysis were used in the analysis of height,weight and body mass index(BMI)as well as analysis of variance(ANOVA).Chi square analysis was used in the analysis of overweight rate.Abnormal vision data was analyzed by the rank test.The associations of each index and age were analyzed by the linear Chi square analysis.The correlation between nutritional status and visual acuity was tested by Spearman rank correlation analysis.Data were imported by Excel and analyzed by SPSS18.0.Significance level a was 0.05.Results:1.Comparison of physical development:during 2012-2016,the average values of height,weight and BMI were increased with increasing age both in males and females of city and rural areas.The height of females was lower than boys’ under 8 yr,while higher since 10 yr.However,the height of students in city was higher than the students in rural area all the time.The weight of males was greater than females.The weight of students in city was significantly greater than students in rural areas,except for the 6 yr.As for the BMI,males were significantly greater than females,and the students in rural were significantly greater,except for the students aged 8 and 10 yr.2.Trends of physical development:the annual increase of height in 5 years was increased by 5.80,6.45,5.53 and 5.99 cm in urban males,urban females,rural males and rural females respectively.The increase rate of height in urban females is greater than urban males aged 7-10 yr,with a huge increase of 7.91 cm in urban females aged 8-9 yr.The increase rate of height in rural females is greater than urban males aged 8-10 yr,with a huge increase of 6.29 cm in urban females aged 9-10.Huge increase of height was not observed in males.The annual increase of weight in 5 years was increased by 4.35,4.26,3.95 and 3.91 kg in urban males,urban females,rural males and rural females respectively.The huge increase of weight was occurred in urban females aged 9 yr by 5.72 kg.As for the BMI,the annual increase in 5 years was 0.825,0.713,0.745,and 0.665 kg/m2 in urban males,urban females,rural males and rural females respectively and peaked at age 10 yr.3.Prevalence of overweight and obesity:the prevalence of overweight and obesity in males was increased from 17.29%to 32.09%,while from 11.78%to 14.25%in females.In urban,the prevalence was increased from 14.50%to 23.90%,while from 14.80%to 23.35%.The prevalence in males enhanced by age,and was greater than females all the time.There was no significant difference between the urban and rural area.4.Trends of abnormal vision:the mild and moderate abnormal vision rate in female of 6 year-old was higher than that in males,while the severe rate was lower.There was no significant difference between females and males of 7-9 year-old.The mild and severe rate was higher in females of 10 year-old than that in males.The rate of normal vision in urban children was lower than rural children,as well as the rate of mild abnormal vision.However,the severe rate was higher in urban.The rate of abnormal vision was increased with age,with an increase of moderate and severe rate.5.The association of abnormal vision and BMI:No linear relationship was observed between the abnormal vision and BMI.Conclusion:the overall physical development was in good condition in children aged 6-10 yr of Yixing City.In general,the condition in urban was better than in rural,and males was better than females.High prevalence of overweight and obesity occurred in children,and the rate and severity of abnormal vision was increasing with age,hence,comprehensive intervention is needed. |
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