| Objective:To understand the status of nutrition,food intake,the dietary structure of Dulong nationality,then evaluate the dietary quality;To investigate the level(weight,height,waist circumference)and abnormal condition(BMI,center obesity rate,abnormal rate of blood pressure,blood loss rate,blood lipid abnormality rate)of the health status indicators.;To analyze and explore the characteristics and problems of dietary nutrition,Then put forward scientific and reasonable diet advice and provide scientific basis for nutrition propaganda and education effectively.Method:Cross-sectional survey and systematic sampling were applied in this study.404 Dulong ethnic groups were selected as subjects,and all residents were surveyed with informed consent(basic information,dietary status,physical examination and laboratory monitoring).The nutrient content of each kind of food in Chinese Food composition Table 2004 was used to calculate the intake of all kinds of nutrients in the daily diet of each person,and according to the personal standard human coefficient,the intake of all kinds of nutrients per standard person day was converted into the intake of all kinds of nutrients per standard person day.The main dietary patterns of Dulong people were explored by factor analysis method.The Chinese healthy diet index and dietary diversity score were used to evaluate the diet and the data were analyzed by SPSS 17.0 software.Results:1.The survey shows that:the project practically surveyed 404 subjects.There were 154 males(38.1%)and 250 females(61.9%);92(22.8%)aged from 18 to 29,129(31.9%)from 30 to 39;87(21.5%)aged 40 to49;96(23.8%)aged from 50 to 59;The number of illiterate persons is 101(25.0%),Primary school education level was 148(36.5%),that junior middle school and above was 155(38.4%);272(67.3%)person annual per capita income were under 5000RMB,132(32.7%)person annual per capita income were greater than 5000RMB.2.The cheif portion of dietary in Dulong residents,staple food(cereals,tuber,hybrid beans),accounts for 47.3%.Valley potato mixed beans,whole-grain mixed beans,potato,vegetables,fruit,livestock and poultry,fish,eggs,milk,beans,oil and salt in the average daily intake(g/standard man-day)were 369.6,70.3,92.7,143.2,46.6,57.8,20.8,28.5,29.5,25.4,53.2,25.4;The intake of fat and salt were higher than the recommended.Vegetables,fruits,fish and shrimp,eggs and milk were all lower than the recommended amount.3.There are five main dietary patterns in Dulong nationality,which are modern diet,seasoning,milk and bean,traditional diet and cereals.The male residents tend to eat the modern dietary pattern and the cereal-type diet pattern more than the female residents,and the other patterns are the female residents eat more than the male.4.The average daily energy intake of the Duolong residents was 1916.2kcal,accounting for 85.2%of the recommended intake.The total daily energy intake of each standard is less than 50%RNI was account for14.1%,50%-80%RNI was account for 34.4%,80%～100%RNI was account for 22.8%,more than 100%RNI was account for 28.7%.5.The intake of calcium,riboflavin and dietary fiber were less than the recommended intake,accounted for 26.6%,29.3%,39.2%of the recommended intake,respectively;Fat intake(89.2g)exceeded the recommended intake and was higher than the yunnan average(65.6g).6.Three major nutrients energy ratio was imbalance,protein(9.4%)and carbohydrate(46.4%)under the proportions of the functions do not meet the recommended limit,fat power than the proportion(44.0%)higher than the recommended limit was 14%.7.The mean CHDI of Dulong was 40.67 ± 8.59,ranging from 20.88 to 66.43,and only 2.2 for those with more than 60 points.8.According to the long-term dietary situation,the DDS of Dulong nationality was 7.0(6.0～8.0),and the insufficient intake of food was 4.2%.The short term DDS was 4.0(3.0-4.0),and the insufficient intake of food accounted for 42.6%.9.The average height of Dulong was 152.9± 11.7cm,the male(159.1±7.0cm)was higher than the female(149.0 ± 5.3cm).The average weight was52.7 ± 7.8kg,the male(57.1 ± 9.7kg)was higher than the female(49.9 ± 7.8kg).The rate of weight loss was 5.2%,and the overweight rate was 20.0%and the obesity rate was 3.5%.The rate of emaciation and overweight of women(6.0%and 22.8%)were higher than that of men(3.9%and 15.6%).The average waist circumference of the residents of the Duolong population is77.0± 11.7cm,and the central obesity rate is 19.6%,lower than the average level of Yunnan province(38.8%).10.The rate of anemia among Dulong residents was 7.4%,lower than the average of 10.5%in Yunnan province.Abnormal blood pressure was 19.8%,lower than the provincial level(22.5%).The abnormal blood lipid rate was 56.2%,higher than the provincial level(39.7%).The abnormal rate of HDL was 47.5%.11.The borderline vitamin A deficiency in Dulong nationality was 3.4%,and the deficiency was 0.8%,which was lower than the average level in Yunnan Province,and the vitamin D deficiency rate was 26.12%,which was lower than that of the whole province(37.2%),and the deficiency rate was 49.6%,which was higher than that of the whole province level(45.0%).Conclusion:The dietary status of Dulong has been improved obviously in recent years,and the dietary structure of Dulong has changed to high fat diet,which should be paid more attention to.The residents’ intake of vegetables,fruits and milk were seriously inadequate,the intake of calcium and riboflavin were insufficient,the energy intake and the three major nutrients could meet the basic needs of the people,but the proportion was unreasonable and the fat was on the high side;the abnormal rate of blood lipids in the residents of the Dulong was on the high side.This may be caused by alcohol consumption and excessive fat intake;the Dulong suffers from high levels of serum vitamin D deficiency.It is suggested that Yunnan Province should establish a nutrition monitoring system for sustainable development and pay special attention to the health education and improvement of the minority ethnic groups in remote areas. |
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