Research On The Relationship Between Secular Trends Of Pubertal Development And Obesity In Child And Adolescent

Objective:To research the puberty process and the relationship between puberty development and obesity about child and adolescent in Chongqing urban area.Methods:A study of using stratified sampling,selected 4010 child and adolescent aged between 6 and 17 years,and 1387 child and adolescent aged between 6 and 18 years in Chongqing Shapingba area from April 2003 to May 2005,and from December 2013 to November 2015 was conducted.Height,weight and the breast,pubic hair development and menarche age of girls,and the testicles,pubic hair development and spermatorrhea age of boys were measured.We used mean and standard deviation,percentile to describe children physical development while chi-square test and Spearman rank correlation analysis were to test the correlation between puberty development and obesity.Results:1.In girls,we respectively found 0.12-year(P > 0.05)and 0.71-year(P<0.05)increases in breast and pubic hair developed to stage II,w-hereas a 0.28-year(P <0.05)decrease in menarche between the period of2003-2005 and 2013-2015,which indicated a downward trend in age at menarche,but upward trends in age at breast and pubic hair developme-nt.2.In boys,we respectively found 0.45-year(P > 0.05)and 1.28-year(P <0.05)decreases in testis development(volume of testes≥4ml)and pubic hair developed to stage II,whereas a 0.31-year(P <0.05)increase in spermatorrhea between the period of 2003-2005 and 2013-2015,which indicated downward trends in age at testis and pubic hair development but a upward trend in age at spermatorrhea.3.The prevalence of overweight a nd obesity increased from 14.7% and 3.5% for girls,10.9% and 6.0% fo-r boys in 2003-2005 to 15.7% and 6.4% for girls,16.9% and 8.3% for boys in 2013-2015.The pubertal development was advanced with the increase of overweight/obesity during the decade.4.In girl,during the perio-d 2003-2005 and 2013-2015 the overweight/obesity rates of early sexual maturation was significantly higher than normal sexual maturation group(P <0.05),Spearman correlation analysis suggested there was a positi-ve correlation between early sexual maturation and obesity.In boys,BM-I level from 2013 to 2015 in Tanner stage II was higher than the same period in 2003-2005(P < 0.05),and the average age of puberty onset w-as obviously earlier than that in 2003-2005(P < 0.05).It seemed to tha-t puberty onset of boys was associated with high BMI level.Conclusion:The process of puberty in girls and testis and pubic hair development in boys was accelerated during the decade in Chongqing.There was a positive correlation between early sexual maturation and increased obesity in both girls and boys.