Study On The Active Fraction And Anti-radiation Effect Of Tempeh

General acceptance is given to the damage effects of radiation for the people’s health,therefore,the control measure received much attention and exhibited great significance.Through microwave radiation model of caenorhabditis elegans in preliminary studies,our team provided the first evaluation against microwave radiation of active fraction of lipids from tempeh（TE-C）,which was a fermented soybean product from Indonesia.In this study,the chemical components and preparation process of anti-radiation fraction from tempeh were investigated and the anti-radiation effect of TE-C was evaluated,which would be significant for anti-radiation agents to exploit.Moreover,this study would establish foundations to the depth development and utilization of lipids from fermented soybean.PartⅠ:Active fraction from tempeh,named TE-C,was extracted by the supercritical carbon dioxide extraction.The volumetric analysis was used to test acid value,hydroxyl value and saponification value of TE-C,which were 74.85 mg/g,29.24 mg/g and 197.75 mg/g,respectively.With the fatty acid compositions of TE-C analyzed by GC,the fatty acid compositions included thirteen fatty acids.The unsaturated fatty acids accounted for 80.82±0.02%in total lipids of TE-C.Three major lipid classes with 22 components of TE-C was isolated and identified by RP-HPLC-ELSD/APCI-MS.They were fatty acids,diacylglycerols and triacylglycerols,which accounted for 43.84%,19.82%,36.31%,respectively.PartⅡ:The preparation process of TE-C was optimized by the single factors experiment combined with response surface methodology.The results showed the optimum preparation process of TE-C were 50℃extraction temperature,25 MPa extraction pressure,1.99%moisture content of tempeh,1.5 hour extraction time.The optimum value of RSM for TE-C was（5.97±0.15）g/100g.The influencing extent of three factors on the preparation process of TE-C was extraction temperature,moisture content of tempeh,extraction pressure in turn.PartⅢ:Explored the effect of TE-C on spawning time in microwave radiation model of caenorhabditis elegans,it revealed the protective effect of TE-C on the growth and development in microwave radiated caenorhabditis elegans.Investigated the effect of TE-C on Morris water maze task,routine blood test,blood biochemistry,sperm activate rate,the pathological and morphological of hippocampus and testicle in high power microwave radiation model of rats,the results indicated that TE-C obviously reduced the mean escape latency（P<0.05）,which protected the capabilities of learning and memory in microwave radiated rats.TE-C reversed the changes in routine blood test,blood biochemistry and sperm activate rate.Compared with R group,TE-C showed a significant difference in some indexes of lymphocyte percentage（P<0.05）,neutrophil percentage（P<0.01）,TG（P<0.05）,LDH（P<0.01）and sperm motility（P<0.05）.TE-C improved hippocampus and testicle tissues in microwave radiated rats.Observed the effect of TE-C on survival rate in ⁶⁰Coγrays radiation model of HUVEC cells,TE-C significantly increased survival rate of HUVEC cells in 8.5 Gy ⁶⁰Coγrays radiation（P<0.001）.The group of37.5μg/ml TE-C could raise the survival rate by 32.7%.Evaluated the effect of TE-C on survival rate,peripheral blood cells and chromosome aberration of bone marrow in ⁶⁰Coγrays radiation model of C57 BL/6J mice,the group of 160 mg/kg and 80 mg/kg TE-C increased survival rate of 8.0 Gy ⁶⁰Coγrays radiated mice by 27.27%and 18.18%,respectively.The group of 80 mg/kg and 40 mg/kg TE-C obviously enhanced the number of erythrocytes（P<0.01）and hemoglobin（P<0.05）on day 7 or10 after 6.0 Gy ⁶⁰Coγrays radiated mice.All doses of TE-C significantly reduced aberrant cells rate on day 7 and 30 after 2.0 Gy ⁶⁰Coγrays radiated mice（P<0.05）.In conclusion,the major fatty acid compositions of TE-C were unsaturated fatty acid.TE-C was composed of three major lipid classes which were fatty acids,diacylglycerols and triacylglycerols.The chemical structures of TE-C were identified as 22 lipids.The optimum preparation process of TE-C were 50℃extraction temperature,25 MPa extraction pressure,1.99%moisture content of tempeh and 1.5 hour extraction time.The pharmacological studies showed that TE-C possessed protective effects on microwave and ⁶⁰Coγrays radiation damage.