| Resuscitation drugs have the characteristics of spicy,and have the effects of resuscitation.it including mainly Acorus gramineus,Borneol,Muskand Styrax,etc.?-asarone,Borneol?Muscone and Styrax naphtha is the main active i n g r e d i e n t s o f t r a d i t i o n a l C h i n e s e m e d i c i n e(A c o r u s gramineus,Borneol,Muskand Styrax),which is mostly a small molecular weight,highly lipophilic ingredients,not only easily through the blood-brain barrier,but also has a strong neurological pharmacological effects.Its efficacy strength,mechanism of action is not the same.It is a type of traditional Chinese medicine that has the functions of "spicy " "resuscitation and refreshing " "lead up".and the main effect is opening and closing the gateway to wake up god.which is commonly used in the prevention and treatment of brain injury.The research group mainly carried out the research of ?-asarone on encephalopathy.The preliminary experiments showed that ?-asarone which in the volatile oil of Acorus calamus significantly improved cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury,and its mechanism of action was to reduce ischemia-reperfusion nerve cell apoptosis and infarct volume in injury.In addition to Acorus gramineus,the resuscitation drugs in the Borneol,Muskand Styrax,especially the active ingredient/parts: ?-asarone,Borneol?Muscone and Styrax naphtha in the regulation of central nervous excitability,protect the brain,improve cerebral ischemia.What are the similarities and differences in the role of reperfusion injury and how is their related mechanism?These problems need to be studied.The experiment is composed of two parts.The first part is about Kunming(KM)mice.The activities of self-activity test,sleep test,central excitement test,hypoxia tolerance test,test related indicators to investigate th e excitement-sedative effect of ?-asarone?Borneol?Muscone and Styrax naphthaon the central nervous system of mice.The second part: To establish a rat model of acute incomplete cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury caused by carotid artery ligation and test related indicators to investigate the protective effects of four kinds of resuscitation drugs on the brain injury in model rats.The details of study in the first part AbjectiveTo investigate the excitement-sedative effect of the active ingredient /parts of Acorus gramineus,Borneol,Muskand Styrax(?-asarone ? Borneol ?Muscone and Styrax naphtha)on the central nervous system of mice.MethodsSPF KM mice were randomly divided into 5 groups:?-asarone group,Borneol group,Muscone group,Styrax group and blank group.The SPF KM mice were administered intragastrically for 7 days,2 times/day.Autonomic activity test,sleep experiment,central excitation test and hypoxia tolerance test were implemented respectively,and the activities of spontaneous activity,sleep latency,sleep time,convulsions,convulsion latency,seizure rate,mortality and anti-hypoxia survival time were recorded.Results(1)autonomous activity test:?-asarone?Borneol and Styrax naphtha can reduce the autonomic activity of mice(P<0.05).Muskketone has the tenden cy tocan reduce the autonomic activity of mice(P>0.05).(2)sleep experime nts:?-asarone,Borneol and Styrax naphtha can shorten the duration of pe ntobarbital sodium sleep(P<0.05),the role of Borneol strongest.(3)centra l excitement experiment:?-asarone?Borneol?Muskketone andStyrax naphtha can reduce the number of convulsions caused by bitter poison and strychni ne(P<0.05),and have a tendency to prolong the latent period of convulsi on,also can reduce the death rate caused by convulsion,especially the eff ect of borned.(4)hypoxia-tolerant experiments:?-asarone,Borneol can prolonghypoxia-tole rant survival time in mice(P>0.05).Conclusions?-asarone,Borneol,Muscone and Styrax naphtha of four kinds of resusc itation drugs have strong bidirectional regulation on excitability of the central nervous system.Under different physiological and pathological conditions,it has "Hypnosis,anticonvulsant" role,but also has "excited,resuscitation" role.The details of study in the second part ObjectiveTo establish a rat model of acute incomplete cerebral ischemia-reperfusion by means of carotid artery ligation,and observe the changes of brain water content,oxidative stress index,Vasoconstriction and relaxation factors,Apoptosis-related genes,neuro-excitatory amino acids in model rats of four kinds of?-asarone,Borneol,Muscone and Styrax naphtha,and explore its anti-brain injury pathology and mechanism.MethodsSPF SD rats were randomly divided into 6 groups:?-asarone group,Musc one group,Borneol group,Styrax group,model group and sham operation group,with 10 rats in each group.The animals in each group were given by gavag e for 7 days,2 times/day and 10ml/g respectively.Rats in sham operation g roup and model group were given the same volume of normal saline.After 30 minutes of administration on the 7th day,established reperfusion model,24 h after reperfusion,after anesthesia,blood sampling in the abdominal ao rta,the brain was taken to measure the brain water content,the levels of serum superoxide dismutase(SOD),malondialdehyde(MDA),glutathione peroxida se(GSH-PX),Endothelin 1(ET-1)and calcitonin gene related peptide(CGRP)was measured;Part of brain tissue was taken to detect glutamic acid Glu,Aspartic acid Asp,?-aminobutyric acid(GABA),glycine GLY;Part of brain tissue was taken to detect lymphoblastoma gene B(BCL-2),related protein(BAX);and observe the EEG status throughout the procedure.Results(1)Brain water content:the brain water content of ?-asarone group,Borneol group and Styrax group decreased significantly(P<0.05).(2)Oxidative stress index:the content of SOD in Borneol group was significantly higher(P<0.05),the content of MDA in Borneol group and Styrax group was significantly lower(P<0.05).(3)Vasoconstriction and relaxation factors:the CGRP content of each drug group was significantly increased,ET-1 content was significantly reduced(P<0.05).(4)Apoptosis index:in the brain tissue of each drug group,The level of BCL-2 protein increased(P<0.05),BAX protein decreased(P<0.05)and BCL-2/BAX higher than the model group.(5)Nerve excitatory amino acids:each drug group can reduce the levels of Asp,Glu(P<0.05)and increase the levels of Gly and GABA in the serum and brain tissues of rats with varying degrees(P>0.05).ConclusionsThe main active ingredients/parts of the four kinds of resuscitation drugs can all reduce the degree of cerebral edema in rats with ischemia-reperfusion to a certain extent,which may have a protective effect on cerebral ischemia and injury,and be related to the reduction of oxidative stress,the improvement of cerebrovascular hemodynamic status,amino acid level regulation,decreased excitotoxicity,inhibition of brain cell apoptosis,Finally,decrease cerebral ischemic neuronal damage.The general conclusionThe main active ingredients/parts(?-asarone,Borneol)of four kinds of resuscitation drugs can regulate the excitability of CNS and have the functions of sedation,hypnosis,anticonvulsant and excitement,which also can protect brain tissue,reduce brain damage. |
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