Effect Of Phacoemulsification Surgery On Macular Edema In Patients With Exfoliation Syndrome

Objective:The purpose of this study is to quantitatively study the changes of macular retinal thickness in patients with exfoliation syndrome before and after phacoemulsification,so as to objectively and accurately judge the effect of macular edema caused by phacoemulsification of exfoliation syndrome cataract,and to analyze and explore the mechanism of macular edema after phacoemulsification of exfoliation syndrome,and to make appropriate perioperative management of this risk,so as to prevent and minimize the possibility of macular edema after cataract surgery with exfoliation syndrome,and maximize the improvement of visual acuity.Methods:A clinical case-control study was conducted to collect patients with exfoliation syndrome and cataract diagnosed in Zhongshan Hospital Affiliated to Dalian University from October 2015 to January 2019 as case group,and simple cataract patients without exfoliation syndrome as control group during the same period.The basic clinical data of the two groups were collected and compared.The retinal thickness of macular area was measured before operation,1 week after operation and 1 month after operation.The changes of visual acuity were recorded and the differences between the two groups were compared and analyzed.Results: 1.Retinal thickness of macular area:(1)There was no significant difference between the two groups before operation(P > 0.05);(2)Retinal thickness of macular area increased before operation and 1 week and 1 month after operation in each group(P < 0.05),and the increase in case group was greater than that in control group(P < 0.05).(3)In the case group,the increase of retinal thickness of macular area in 1 week and 1 month after operation did not reach the preoperative30%,which did not meet the diagnostic criteria of macular edema referred to in this study;(4)Sex,age,whether there are systemic complications,and whether recent binocular surgery or not did not reflect the influence on the thickness of macular fovea in single factor analysis(P > 0.05).2.Postoperative visual acuity improvement:(1)Compared with preoperative,the visual acuity of the two groups improved significantly,but the visual acuity of the case group was not as good as that of the control group(P < 0.05).(2)Compared with one week after operation,the visual acuity of the two groups decreased a little in one month,and the decrease of the case group was greater,but the average visual acuity was more than 0.5.Conclusions: In this study,none of exfoliation syndrome patients had macular edema greater than 30% of preoperative macular retinal thickness after phacoemulsification,and their visual acuity improved significantly.Therefore,it is relatively safe for exfoliation syndrome patients to perform phacoemulsification of cataract.