Investigation And Analysis Of High Risk Factors Of Preterm Birth

Background and ObjectivePremature infants have high mortality rates,and survivors may have serious neurological prognosis and cognitive impairment,causing heavy emotional and economic burden on families and society.The occurrence of prematurity is related to many factors,including the epidemiological characteristics of pregnant women(race,age,socioeconomic status),nutritional status,antenatal history,intrauterine infection,pregnancy complications,complication of psychological status duting pregnancy,genetic characteristics,the environment and many other factors.Identifying high-risk factors for preterm birth can help to assess the risk of prematurity,and can help to prevent premature birth and to improve the prognosis of preterm infants.To analyze the risk factors of prematurity to help predict premature delivery and early treatment,in order to reduce the incidence of preterm birth.MethodsQuestionnaire survey was used to collect the information about mothers who delivered preterm infants and about mothers who delivered term babies and mothers with preterm and term deliveries had a ratio of 1:1.Source of data was from the first affiliated hospital of Zhengzhou University from January 1,2018 to December 31,2018.and the collected data is statistically analyzed.ResultsA total of 1012 cases were collected in 2018,and each of both preterm and term groups included 506 cases.The X2 test of the relevant data showed that the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Including mother age <20 years old,low maternal education,non-urban residence,low average income,occupation of labor type,history of miscarriages,history of induced abortions,history of cesarean section,reproductive system malformation,parity > 3 times,parity >2 times,no systemic examination during pregnancy,no folic acid supplementation during early,mid and late pregnancy,cervical insufficiency,vaginal bleeding during pregnancy,pregnancy-induced hypertension(PIH),severe hypertension during pregnancy,and insulin therapy for gestational diabetes,typical cholestasis during pregnancy,acute fatty liver during pregnancy,other diseases during pregnancy,anemia associated with pregnancy,history of medication during pregnancy,premature rupture of membranes(PROM),abnormal amniotic fluid,abnormal placenta,twin or multiple pregnancy,intrauterine distress,CPSS score and(stress related health risks).Logistic regression analysis found that intrauterine distress,twin or multiple pregnancies,premature rupture of membranes(PROM),placental abnormalities,vaginal bleeding,lack of of folic acid supplementation in the first trimester,prevalence of hypertensive gestation,the history of cesarean section and the number of inspections during pregnancy are risk factors for preterm birth.The B values of the factors other than the number of birth tests are positive,and the OR value >1 represents a positive correlation,that is,the risk of preterm birth increases with the occurrence of related factors.The B value of the number of birth tests is negative,and the OR value <1 represents a negative correlation,that is,the fewer the number of birth tests during pregnancy,the higher the risk of preterm birth.ConclusionPrematurity is the result of a combination of factors and is related to many factors in the perinatal period.Intrauterine distress,twin or multiple pregnancies,premature rupture of membranes(PROM),placental abnormalities,vaginal bleeding,lack of of folic acid supplementation in the first trimester,prevalence of hypertensive gestation and the history of cesarean section are all risk factors for prematurity.Increase the number of inspections during pregnancy can reduce the risk of preterm birth.