Analysis Of Current Status Of Vitamin A And E Levels In Pregnant Women And Their Correlation With Preeclampsia

BackgroundVitamins A and E are essential micronutrients and play a very important role in maternal health and fetal development.The global vitamin A deficiency rate is 15.3%,the most serious in Asia,with a vitamin A deficiency rate of 18.4%and China's 22.8%[1].At present,there are few studies on the levels of vitamin A and E in different stages of pregnancy(pregnancy,second trimester and third trimester),and it is impossible to guide pregnant women to make reasonable vitamin supplements during pregnancy.It has been confirmed that vitamin A and E deficiency can cause a series of complications during pregnancy.Preeclampsia is considered to be one of the leading causes of increased maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality in the world,with a prevalence of 2-8%[2],and the incidence of PE is increasing year by year.Trends have become a serious challenge for the World Health Organization.At present,various studies have focused on the role of oxidative stress in women with preeclampsia,and confirmed that placental tissue can produce high levels of superoxide in preeclamptic pregnant women compared with normal pregnant women[3,4].Vitamins A and E have anti-oxidation effects,and their deficiency can lead to the occurrence of multi-tissue oxidative stress in the body.Therefore,it is necessary to further study the relationship between vitamin A and preeclampsia,and further investigate the role of dietary supplements in preventing preeclampsia.Part I Analysis of current status of vitamin A and E levels in normal pregnant women[Objective]The aim of this study was to analyze serum vitamin A and E levels and their influencing factors in the early,middle and late stages of pregnancy,to assess serum vitamin levels during different periods of pregnancy,and to provide guidance for pregnant women to provide reasonable vitamin supplementation during pregnancy.[Materials and methods]In this study,a total of 4199 pregnant women who were admitted to the Southern Hospital of Southern Medical University and the Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University from January to December 2019,and who lived locally for a long time were selected,including 1900 primiparas.The maternal status was 2299 cases.The pregnant women who met the inclusion criteria were informed of the informed consent.Fasting of the venous serum samples were performed for more than 8 hours.High-performance liquid chromatography was used for the detection of vitamin A and E levels.According to different gestational weeks,it is divided into three groups:early pregnancy(pregnancy 11 to 13+6 weeks),middle pregnancy(pregnancy 14 to 28 weeks),and late pregnancy(pregnancy 28 weeks or more),among which early pregnancy group(n VA = 1374,n VE)= 1374),mid-pregnancy group(n VA = 1596,n VE = 1596)and late pregnancy group(n VA =1229,n VE =1229).[Result]This study showed that serum vitamin A levels during pregnancy were 0.429 ±0.100 mg/L.According to different stages of pregnancy,serum vitamin A levels in early,middle and late pregnancy were 0.443 ± 0.093,0.447 ± 0.093 and 0.389± 0.104 mg/L,respectively.Among them,the level of vitamin A in the third trimester is relatively low.There was a statistically significant difference in vitamin A content between the first trimester and the second trimester,and there was no significant difference in vitamin A content between the iirst trimester and the second trimester(P<0.05).The abnormal rate of vitamin A in pregnant women was 8.80%,most of which was vitamin A deficiency,accounting for 8.30%of the total.Among them,the abnormal rate of the third trimester was the highest,mainly vitamin A deficiency,accounting for 5.10%of the total,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).According to different stages of pregnancy,serum vitamin E levels in early,middle and late stages were 11.091 ± 2.638,12.209 ± 2.941 and 15.67 ± 3.625 mg/L,respectively,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The abnonnal rate of vitamin E in pregnant women was 4.00%,and most of them were overdose,accounting for 3.80%.In the early pregnancy,the abnormal rate of women was the lowest,accounting for 0.20%.The abnormal rate of women in the third trimester was the highest,accounting for 3.00%,all of which were vitamin E excess.[Conclusion]Pay attention to the monitoring of serum vitamin A and E levels in pregnant women,and evaluate their vitamin nutritional status,which is of great value for guiding pregnant women to rational diet and optimizing nutrient intake.Part II Study on the relationship between vitamin A and E levels and preeclampsia in pregnant women[Objective]This study mainly explores the correlation between vitamin A and E levels and preeclampsia during pregnancy,provides a new reference for preventing preeclampsia during pregnancy,and develops a planned program for adjuvant treatment.[method]A total of 162 pre-eclampsia pregnant women were hospitalized and delivered in our hospital from July 2017 to January 2019,including 64 patients in the mild PE group and 98 patients in the severe PE group.The control group was in the same period in our hospital.104 normal pregnant women gave birth.The pregnant women who were enrolled were enrolled in peripheral venous blood for high-performance liquid chromatography for the detection of vitamin A and E levels.[Results]The study showed that serum vitamin A levels were 0.413 ± 0.098 mg/L in the healthy control group,0.393 ± 0.112 mg/L in the mild preeclampsia group,and 0.374 ± 0.097 mg/L in the severe preeclampsia group.There was a statistically significant difference in vitamin A content between the healthy control group and the severe preeclampsia group.There was no significant difference in the vitamin A content between the normal group and the mild preeclampsia group and the mild PE group and the severe PE group.Serum vitamin E levels in healthy control group,mild preeclampsia group and severe preeclampsia group were 15.479±5.176mg/L,15.471 ±4.961mg/L,17.436±6.287mg/L,respectively.The difference in E level was statistically significant(P<0.05).Multiple comparisons were performed using the Dunnett T3 test.The results showed that there was no significant difference in vitamin E content between the groups(P>0.05).[Conclusion]There is a certain correlation between serum vitamin A and the onset of PE in pregnant women,which deserves further study.