Study On The Status Of Health Cognitionand Health Behavior Of Migrant Workers In The Main Urban Area Of Chongqing

Objective: Due to the low level of education,weak health awareness,and mostly “dirty,tired,dangerous,low-paid” work,poor living conditions,and low level of medical security,the health problems of migrant workers have become increasingly serious.As a major component of health literacy,health cognition has a significant effect on improving citizens' health awareness,ability and health.The purpose of this study is to analyze the health cognition level and health behavior,and to analyze the main influencing factors,providing suggestion to improve the health literacy of migrant workers,promote their healthy lifestyle and behavioral habits to maintain their health.Method: Using the quota sampling method,an on-site questionnaire survey was conducted on 665 migrant workers who were aged ?16 years and engaged in non-agricultural industries in the main urban area of Chongqing.The content design of the questionnaire was referred to theNational Residents' Health Literacy Monitoring Questionnaire and revised according to the actual situation of migrant workers.Data was entered using Epidata 3.1,organized with Excel 2007,and analyzed with SPSS22.0.Results: The level of health literacy among rural migrant workers in Chongqing was 22.3%.6 kinds of health literacy level were as below:healthy lifestyle(46.9%),mental health(40.3%),chronic disease prevention(34.4%),occupational disease prevention(32.0%),scientific view of health(29.6%),and infectious disease prevention(16.1%).The results of single factor analysis showed the statistically significant difference of general health knowledge literacy level and six types of health knowledge literacy level in industries,educational level,working years,age,marriage,new generation migrant workers,work overtime(P < 0.05).Binary logistic regression analysis showed the new generation rural migrant workers and higher educational level rural migrant workers had higher health knowledge literacy level,rural migrant workers working overtime had higher health knowledge literacy level lower.In healthy behavior,when migrant workers feel unwell,43.3% of them will seek medical treatment in time.When they feel sad / depressed,1.7% of them will consult professionals.Male smoking rate was 55.4%,and female 1.9%.19.1% of the migrant workers who have occupational harmful factors in the work environment have taken protective measures.27.4% of respondents never had Medical examination.Conclusion: Migrant workers had low levels of health awareness and poor health behaviors.Industries,education levels,ages,and whether working overtime were the main factors.Suggestions are provided that governments and enterprises should ensure migrant workers' appropriaterest,occupational health and medical conditions,strengthen the health education work of migrant workers in all sectors of society,improve health education content,enrich the form of health education,enhance migrant workers' awareness and responsibility of their own health.