Study On The Relationship Between Dietary Pattern And Hypertention,Diabetes Mellitus And Dyslipidemia In Residents Of A Hospital In Yuncheng

Objectives To collect the data of dietary nutrition and physical examination of residents,and compare the dietary nutrition status with the Dietary Guidelines for Chinese Residents(2016)and the Reference Intake of Dietary Nutrients for Chinese Residents(2013).The dietary pattern was established by factor analysis.The main points are as follows: 1.Understanding the sources and intake of nutrients of residents,2.Establishing the dietary pattern of the subjects based on the dietary survey data,3.Analyzing the correlation between dietary nutrients and hypertension,diabetes and dyslipidemia,4.Analyzing the correlation between dietary structure of residents and hypertension,diabetes and dyslipidemia,and 5.Combining with local dietary habits.It provides reference for nutritional guidance of hypertension,diabetes mellitus and dyslipidemia in Yuncheng Salt Lake area.Methods The non-random sampling method was used to select the physical examination department of a hospital in Yanhu District of Yuncheng City as the investigation site and collect the relevant data of dietary nutrition of residents coming for physical examination,including:(1)basic information of age,sex,nationality,education level,occupation and family per capita monthly income.(2)measurement of body morphological indexes such as height,weight,waist circumference,hip circumference,etc.(3)Measurement of blood pressure,blood sugar and blood lipid.(4)The data of dietary nutrition in the first three months were collected by food frequency method.EpiData 3.2 software was used for data input,SPSS 20.0 software was used for statistical analysis;measurements in accordance with normal distribution were described by mean±standard deviation,counting data utilization and composition ratio were described,and the comparison of rates was conducted by chi-square test,and the test level was 0.05.Results(1)A total of 1172 subjects,aged between 24 and 72,with an average age of(48.26 ± 9.78)years,were included in this study.(2)The average daily intake of cereals,potatoes,vegetables,fruits,livestock and poultry was(287.39 ±62.54)g,(256.38 ±54.19)g,(214.53 ±34.95)g and(42.06 ±18.57)g respectively.The average intake of these four kinds of food basically accorded with the recommended intake in the Pagoda(2016).Average daily intake of aquatic products,eggs,dairy products,soybeans and nuts were lower than the recommended intake of salt in Pagoda(2016).The average intake of salts and oils was higher than the recommended intake of Pagoda.(3)Compared with DRIs,the average intake of energy,protein and sodium exceeded the recommended intake;the average intake of vitamin A,vitamin C,vitamin D,calcium and potassium was lower than the recommended intake.(4)The results of correlation analysis between dietary nutrient intake and blood pressure,blood sugar and blood lipid showed that protein intake was negatively correlated with systolic blood pressure(r=-0.205,P<0.05),sodium intake was positively correlated with systolic blood pressure(r=0.364,P<0.05),calcium intake was negatively correlated with diastolic blood pressure(r=-0.245,P<0.05),sodium yuan.The intake of vegetable was positively correlated with diastolic blood pressure(r=0.452,P<0.05);the intake of fat(r=0.154,P<0.05)and carbohydrate(r=0.172,P<0.05)was positively correlated with blood sugar two hours after meal;the intake of fat was positively correlated with total serum cholesterol(r=0.197,P<0.05),the intake of vitamin B1(r=-0.122,P<0.05)was positively correlated with total serum cholesterol.Cholesterol was negatively correlated.(5)The food frequency questionnaire used in this study contains 96 kinds of food,which are divided into 16 categories.Through principal component analysis,four kinds of dietary patterns are established,namely,modern dietary pattern,fast food dietary pattern,high oil and salt dietary pattern and healthy dietary pattern.(6)Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that modern dietary pattern(OR=1.652,P<0.05)and high-oil and high-salt dietary pattern(OR=1.702,P<0.05)increased the risk of hypertension;fast food dietary pattern(OR=1.596,P<0.05)increased the risk of diabetes;high-oil and high-salt dietary pattern(OR=1.785,P<0.05)increased the risk of dyslipidemia.Conclusions(1)Intake of some kinds of food in Yuncheng Salt Lake area was uneven.(2)Intake of some nutrients in residents was investigated.(3)The detection rate of hypertension,diabetes mellitus and dyslipidemia in the residents is higher.We should pay attention to the prevention and control of these three kinds of chronic diseases.(4)There are four kinds of dietary patterns: modern dietary pattern,fast food dietary pattern,high-oil and high-salt dietary pattern and healthy dietary pattern.Among them,the first three dietary structures are unreasonable,and they are related to hypertension,diabetes and dyslipidemia.