Study On Chemical Constituents And Pharmacological Activities Of Grifola Frondosa

This paper firstly introduces the medicinal value and condition of Grifola frondosa(Fr.)S.F.Gary in the field of traditional medicine,and reviews chemical composition and pharmacological effects.Secondly,submicron powder processing of G.frondosa fruit bodies was carried out.The coarse and submicron powder were siveved.The coarse powder was sieved through 80 mesh and the diameter was 50-100 ?m;the submicron powder was sieved through 550 mesh and the diameter was 3-15 ?m.The coarse and submicron powder were compared and analyzed by optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy.The pharmacological effects of G.frondosa submicron powder was studied by in vivo antitumor experimental model in mice.Determination of tumor inhibition rate,organ index,observation of tumor slices and the changes of interferon-?(IFN-?),interleukin-2(IL-2),vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF),cataalase(CAT),glutathione-peroxidase(GSH-PX)and superoxide dismutase(SOD)in serum were carried out to analyze the anti-tumor activities and immune regulation effects of Grifola frondosa fruiting body coarse powder and submicron powder in Hep-A-22 tumor-bearing mice.The results showed that the components of each dose can inhibit the growth of the tumor.Compared with the model experimental group,the high-dose submicron powder(1500mg/kg)had the best effect and showed extremely significant difference(P<0.01);the necrotic area was increased by observation of tumor tissue after H E staining.The content of IFN-?,IL-2,VEGF,GSH-PX and SOD in serum of the treated group were significantly increased(P<0.01 or P <0.05),the increase of influence factors in the serum has a certain correlation with the inhibition rate of tumor growth.The chemical constituents from the fruiting bodies of G.frondosa was studied in this paper.Ten compounds were isolated and purified by column chromatography on silica gel,Sephadex LH-20 and HPLC.The chemical constituents were separated and purified by chromatographic methods after solvent extraction and were identified by TLC,HPLC and NMR,they were identified as palmitic acid(1),octacosane(2),1-heptadecanol(6),ferulic acid(7),nicotinic acid(8),succinic acid(9),caffeic acid(10),ergosterol(3),ergosta-4,6,8,22-tetraen-3-one(4),ergosterol peroxide(5).Palmitic acid,ergosta-4,6,8,22-tetraen-3-one,ergosterol peroxide,ferulic acid and caffeic acid were first separated from G.frondosa.The effects of different polar solvent extracts from G.frondosa on antitumor pharmacological activity and immune activity of mice were further investigated.According to the polarity from low to high followed by petroleum ether,ethyl acetate,acetone and methanol were heated reflux extraction G.frondosa fruiting body,then petroleum ether extract,ethyl acetate extract,acetone extract and methanol extract were obtained.Determination of tumor inhibition rate,organ index,the changes of IFN-?,IL-2,VEGF,CAT,malondialdehyde(MDA)and SOD in serum and observation of tumor slices were carried out to analyze the anti-tumor activities,immune regulation effects and antopxidation of different polarity solvent extracts from G.frondosa fruiting body in Hep-A-22 tumor-bearing mice.At the same time,the immune competence of G.frondosa extracts was further studied by mice ear edema and mice peritoneal macrophage phagocytosis.The results showed that the components of each group had inhibitory effects on tumor growth.The effect of anti-tumor remedy in the methanol extract group was the best,which was 52.31%,and there was a extremely significant difference(P < 0.01)as compared with the model experimental group.The necrotic area was increased and ablation by observation of tumor tissue after HE staining and fluorescent staining;the content of IL-2,IFN-?,SOD and CAT in serum of the treated group were significantly increased(P<0.05),the change of influence factors in the serum has a certain correlation with the inhibition rate of tumor growth.Each administration group had inhibitory effect on the swelling of xylene in mice,among them,methanol group and ethyl acetate group had better effects,which was extremelysignificantly different from that of normal group(P<0.01).Methanol extract and ethyl acetate extract of G.frondosa had a good inhibitory effect on tumor growth.Methanol group can significantly increase the peritoneal macrophage activity in mice,so as to improve the immune activity of the body,which may be related to its anti-tumor mechanism.The chemical composition and pharmacological activity of G.frondosa were studied in this paper.The experiment verifies that the fruit body and extracts of G.frondosa can inhibit the growth of tumors,and its mechanism may be related to the regulation of autoimmune activity of the body.The above results provide scientific basis for the further development of G.frondosa.