Clinical Efficacy Of Metal Stent And Silicone Stent In The Treatment Of Central Airway Obstruction

Objective: To study the clinical efficacy and safety of metallic and silicone airway stents in the treament of central airway obstruction.Methods: Retrospective analysis of 65 patients with central airway obstruction treated with metal and silicone stents,which were under the guidance of soft bronchoscopy or rigid bronchoscopy at the Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine of my hospital from June 2014 to October 2018.By comparing the changes in symptom improvement,blood gas analysis,shortness of breath,and degree of obstruction before and after airway stent placement,and analysing the occurrence of intraoperative and postoperative early and long-term complications which were placed by metal stents and silicone stents to evaluate its clinical efficacy,safety and complications.Results: In 65 patients with central airway obstruction,34 cases(97.14%)were successfully implanted with metallic stent in one time.Silicone stents were successfully placed in one time.(1)After all stents were placed,the patients’ clinical symptoms such as dyspnea,shortness of breath and chest tightness were alleviated after stent placement.and the short-term effect was significant.(2)Hypoxemia and hypercapnia in both groups were improved to varying degrees.There were significant differences(P<0.05).in clinical parameters such as blood oxygen saturation,oxygen partial pressure,carbon dioxide partial pressure,shortness of breath,and obstruction before and after stent placement.(3)The clinical efficacy was no significant difference between metal stent group and silicone stent group in the treatment of central airway obstruction(P > 0.05).(4)All patients had no serious complications related to the stent during stent implantation and short-term and long-term after surgery.(5)There were no significant difference in the incidence of early complications(severe cough,pneumothorax,subcutaneous emphysema)and sputum obstruction after placement of metal and silicone stents(P > 0.05),while the difference was statistically significant in the late complications(stent shift,granulation tissue formation and restenosis)between the two groups in central airway obstruction(P<0.05).Conclusions: Tracheobronchial stent is a kind of simple,safe,direct and effective method for the treatment of central airway obstruction caused by various benign and malignant lesions.It is no serious complications,metal stents are more prone to shift,granulation tissue formation,restenosis.